2025-02-13
MN 74 Commentary, a spontaneous gathering of 1250 arahants
(DPR, SSP) Dīghanakhasutta-vaṇṇanā
Bhagavā pana imaṁ desanaṁ sūriye dharamāne'yeva niṭṭhāpetvā
gijjhakūṭā oruyha veḷuvanaṁ gantvā sāvakasannipātam'akāsi,
catur'aṅga'samannāgato sannipāto ahosi. Tatrimāni aṅgāni --
(1) māgha'nakkhattena yutto puṇṇama-uposathadivaso,
(2) kenaci anāmantitāni hutvā attano'yeva dhammatāya sannipatitāni aḍḍhatelasāni
bhikkhusatāni, (3) tesu ekopi puthujjano vā sotāpanna-sakadāgāmi-anāgāmi-
sukkhavipassaka-arahantesu vā aññataro natthi, sabbe chaḷabhiññāva,
(4) eko'pi cettha satthakena kese chinditvā pabbajito nāma natthi, sabbe ehi'bhikkhuno'yevā'ti.
| dharamāna (prp.) | lasting; continuing; living; prp. of dharati |
| niṭṭhāpeti | (causes to) conclude, finish |
| oruyha (ger.) | descending; going down |
| sannipāta (m.) | assembly; congregation; gathering |
| kenaci (pron.) | by anyone; with anyone |
| anāmanta (ger.) | without asking for permission; without consulting |
| sattha (nt.) | weapon; knife; razor |
| chindati | cuts off; severs |
Dhp 183-185 Commentary, the uposathas of past Buddhas
(DPR, SSP) Dhammapada-aṭṭhakathā, Ānandattherapañhavatthu
Sabbapāpassa akaraṇan'ti imaṁ dhammadesanaṁ satthā jetavane viharanto
ānandattherassa pañhaṁ ārabbha kathesi. Thero kira divāṭṭhāne nisinno cintesi:
"... uposatho pana akathito, kiṁ nu kho tesampi ayameva uposatho, añño"ti?
| pañha (nt.) | question; enquiry |
| ārabbha (ind.) | concerning; referring (to) |
| kathesi (aor.) | spoke; told; related; aor of katheti |
| divāṭṭhāna (nt.) | meditation place for the day |
| cintesi (aor.) | thought (about); reflected (on); aor of cinteti |
So satthāraṁ upasaṅkamitvā tam'atthaṁ pucchi.
"Yasmā pana tesaṁ buddhānaṁ kālabhedova ahosi, na kathābhedo.
| attha (m.) | meaning; sense; significance |
| pucchati (+acc & +acc) | asks; enquires; questions (somebody about something) |
| bheda (m.) | schism; split; breakup |
| kālabheda (m.) | division of time; distinction of time [kāla + bheda] |
| kathā (f.) | talk; speech; conversation; discussion |
Vipassī sammāsambuddho hi sattame sattame saṁvacchare uposathaṁ akāsi.
Ekadivasaṁ dinnovādoyeva hissa sattannaṁ saṁvaccharānaṁ alaṁ hoti.
[... Sikhī, Vessabhū, Kakusandho, Koṇāgamano, Kassapadasabalo ...]
Tasmā satthā tesaṁ imaṁ kālabhedaṁ ārocetvā "ovādagāthā pana nesaṁ imāyevā"ti vatvā
Sabbesaṁ ekameva uposathaṁ āvi karonto imā gāthā abhāsi --
(183.) sabbapāpassa akaraṇaṁ, kusalassa upasampadā ...\"
| sabbesaṁ (pron.) | of all; for all [sabba + esānaṁ] |
| āvikaronta (prp.) | explaining; disclosing; revealing; lit. making open [āvi + karonta] |
DN 14, the Buddha Vipassī teaches the ovāda-pāṭimokkha
(SC, DPR, SSP) DN 14 Mahāpadānasutta 16. Cārikāanujānana
Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassī bhagavā arahaṁ sammāsambuddho sāyanhasamayaṁ
paṭisallānā vuṭṭhito bhikkhū āmantesi: 'idha mayhaṁ, bhikkhave, rahogatassa paṭisallīnassa
evaṁ cetaso parivitakko udapādi: "mahā kho etarahi bhikkhusaṅgho [...]"'
'Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, caratha cārikaṁ bahujana'hitāya bahujana'sukhāya lok'ānukampāya
atthāya hitāya sukhāya devamanussānaṁ; mā ekena dve agamittha;
desetha, bhikkhave, dhammaṁ ādikalyāṇaṁ majjhekalyāṇaṁ pariyosānakalyāṇaṁ
| anujānāti | allows (to); permits (to); grants permission (to) |
| cārikaṁ carati (idiom) | walks about (among); is on walking tour (in) |
| bahujana (m.) | multitude; many people [bahu + jana] |
| anukampā (f. +loc) | compassion (for); pity (for); concern (for) |
| deseti (+acc & +dat) | preach (to); teaches (to); explains (to) |
sātthaṁ sabyañjanaṁ kevalaparipuṇṇaṁ parisuddhaṁ brahmacariyaṁ pakāsetha.
Santi sattā apparajakkhajātikā, assavanatā dhammassa parihāyanti,
bhavissanti dhammassa aññātāro.
| apparajakkha (adj.) | having little dirt in the eye [appa + rajas + akkha] |
| parihāyati | dwindles; decreases; deteriorates; wastes away |
Api ca, bhikkhave, channaṁ channaṁ vassānaṁ accayena bandhumatī rājadhānī upasaṅkamitabbā pātimokkhuddesāyā'ti. [...] Chasu vassesu nikkhantesu devatā saddamanussāvesuṁ: 'nikkhantāni kho, mārisā, chabbassāni, samayo dāni [...]
Tatra sudaṁ, bhikkhave, vipassī bhagavā arahaṁ sammāsambuddho
bhikkhusaṅghe evaṁ pātimokkhaṁ uddisati:
'Khantī paramaṁ tapo titikkhā, / Nibbānaṁ paramaṁ vadanti buddhā;
Na hi pabbajito parūpaghātī, / Na samaṇo hoti paraṁ viheṭhayanto.
Sabbapāpassa akaraṇaṁ, / kusalassa upasampadā;
Sacittapariyodapanaṁ, / etaṁ buddhānasāsanaṁ.
Anūpavādo anūpaghāto, / Pātimokkhe ca saṁvaro;
Mattaññutā ca bhattasmiṁ, / Panta'ñca sayan'āsanaṁ;
Adhicitte ca āyogo, / Etaṁ buddhānasāsanan'ti.
| tapas (m.) | spiritual practice; religious practice |
| titikkhā (f.) | endurance; patience; forgiveness |
| parūpaghātī (adj.) | who harms others; who injures others [para + upaghātī] |
| viheṭhayanta (prp.) | harming; vexing; annoying; troubling |
| upasampadā (f. +gen) | undertaking (of); taking up (of) |
| pariyodapana (nt.) | purifying; refining; cleansing |
| anūpavāda (m.) | not blaming; without insulting; not abusing |
| anūpaghāta (m.) | not harming; not hurting; non-violence |
| mattaññutā (f. +loc) | moderation (in); knowing the correct amount (of) |
| bhatta (nt.) | food; boiled rice |
| panta (adj.) | secluded; solitary; lit. towards the end [pa + anta] |
| sayanāsana (nt.) | living place; lit. sleeping and sitting [sayana + āsana] |
| āyoga (m. +loc) | devotion (to); practice (of); pursuit (of) |