2025-07-15
Āpatti-paṭidesanā (Confession of Offences)
Mahāvagga, Āpattipaṭikammavidhi (DPR, SSP, Comm)
"Bhagavatā paññattaṁ 'na sāpattikena uposatho kātabbo'ti.
Ahañcamhi āpattiṁ āpanno. Kathaṁ nu kho mayā paṭipajjitabban"ti?
| paññatta (pp.) | prepared; readied; arranged; laid out; lit. caused to know [pa + √ñā + *āpe + ta] |
| sāpattika (adj.) | guilty of offence; lit. with offence |
| āpatti (f.) | offence; wrongdoing; transgression [ā + √pad + ti] |
| √pad | go, step |
| āpanna (pp. +acc) | fallen into [ā + √pad + na] pp of āpajjati |
| kathaṁ nu (idiom) | how indeed!? |
| mayā | pron, 1st instr sg of ahaṁ |
| paṭipajjitabba (ptp.) | should be practised; should be followed |
Six reasons for āpatti: (See Bhikkhu Manual)
(1) Lack of shame; (2) ignorance of the rule; (3) in doubt but goes ahead; (4) thinks he ought when he ought not;
(5) thinks he ought not when he ought; (6) acts without thinking (i.e. absent-mindedly).
Four conditions for exemption from āpatti:
A bhikkhu who is (1) insane, (2) delirious, (3) suffering intense pain, or (4) the original perpetrator.
SB: Senior Bhikkhu, JB: Junior Bhikkhu
JB: Ahaṁ bhante sambahulā nānā-vatthukāyo thullaccayāyo āpattiyo āpanno tā paṭidesemi.
SB: Passasi āvuso. (JB: Passatha bhante.)
JB: Āma bhante passāmi.
SB: Āyatiṁ āvuso saṁvareyyāsi. (JB: Āyatiṁ bhante saṁvareyyātha.)
JB: Sādhu suṭṭhu bhante saṁvarissāmi.
| sambahula (adj.) | many; numerous [saṁ + √bah + u + la] |
| nānā (ind.) | various; different; distinct |
| vatthuka (adj.) | based on; founded on; grounded on |
| tā (pron) | they, those; fem acc pl of ta |
| paṭideseti | acknowledges; confesses; admits [pati + √dis + *e + ti] |
| √dis | point out, explain |
| passati | sees; understands |
| āyatiṁ (ind.) | in the future |
| saṁvarati | restrains; controls [saṁ + √var + a + ti] |
| √var | cover, dress, restrain |
| saṁvareyyāsi (opt.2nd.sg.) | you should restrain |
| sādhu (ind.) | (excl.) well said! |
| suṭṭhu (ind.) | (adv.) well; good; right; most certainly |
Analysis and exemptions
Five Factors of analysis for an offense: (1) intention, (2) perception, (3) object, (4) effort, (5) result.
Blanket exemptions, See BMC Pr 1, Pr 2 (SSP)
Anāpatti ... ummattakassa, khittacittassa, vedanāṭṭassa, ādikammikassāti.
Comm.: khittacittako'ti yakkhādīhi vikkhepam'āpādita'citto.
Common non-offenses. (NOTE: Doesn't always apply!)
Pācittiyas: Anāpatti --- asañcicca, assatiyā, ajānantassa, ummattakassa, ādikammikassāti.
Sekhiyas: Anāpatti --- asañcicca, assatiyā, ajānantassa, gilānassa, āpadāsu, ummattakassa, ādikammikassāti.
(VINa) āpadāsū'ti vāḷamigā vā corā vā anubandhanti, evarūpāsu āpadāsu anāpatti.
| ummattaka (m.) | madman; crazy; lunatic [ud + √mad + ta + ka] |
| √mad | be mad, be intoxicated |
| khittacitta (adj.) | mentally unbalanced; deranged; unhinged |
| vedanāṭṭa (adj.) | afflicted with pain; suffering injury [vedanā + aṭṭa] |
| ādikammika (m.) | initial offender; first person to do it |
| vikkhepa (m.) | disturbance; confusion; derangement |
| āpādita (pp.) | caused; effected; produced; become |
| asañcicca (ind.) | unintentionally; not purposefully; lit. not with mind |
| assati (f.) | not remembering; lack of awareness |
| ajānanta (prp.) | not knowing; being ignorant (of) |
| gilāna (adj.) | sick; ill; unwell |
| āpadā (f.) | adversity; misfortune; distress; calamity |
| vāḷamiga (m.) | wild beast; fierce animal |
| cora (m.) | thief; robber |
| anubandhati | follows; trails; lit. ties behind [anu + √bandh + a + ti] |
Iti 42 Sukkadhammasutta
(Aj Thanissaro, SSP)
Vuttañhetaṁ bhagavatā vuttamarahatāti me sutaṁ:
"Dveme, bhikkhave, sukkā dhammā lokaṁ pālenti. Katame dve? Hirī ca, ottappañca. [...]\"
Etamatthaṁ bhagavā avoca. Tatthetaṁ iti vuccati:
"Yesañce hiriottappaṁ, / sabbadā ca na vijjati;
Vokkantā sukkamūlā te, / jātimaraṇagāmino.
Yesañca hiriottappaṁ, / sadā sammā upaṭṭhitā;
Virūḷhabrahmacariyā te, / santo khīṇa-punabbhavā"ti.
| vutta (pp.) | said, spoken; pp. of vacati |
| sukka (adj.) | pure; bright [√suc + ra] |
| pāleti (pr. +acc) | protects; guards; takes care of; preserves |
| hiri (f.) | sense of shame; modesty; conscience; sense of right and wrong |
| ottappa (nt.) | regret; shame in wrongdoing; respect for others |
| etamatthaṁ (sandhi) | meaning of this; significance of this [etaṁ + atthaṁ] |
| yesaṁ (pron.) | of whoever; of whom; gen pl of ya |
| sabbadā (ind.) | always; at all times |
| vijjati | exists (in); is found (in); is present (in) |
| vokkanta (pp.) | turned aside, deviated from |
| mūla (nt.) | root; source; origin |
| gāmī (adj.) | leading to; heading to |
| sadā (ind.) | always; ever |
| upaṭṭhita (pp.) | arrived; present; established |
| virūḷha (pp.) | grown; developed; increased; flourished |
| santa (pp.) | still; calm; at peace; tranquil |
| khīṇa-punabbhava (adj.) | ended rebirth; finished with re-becoming |