2025-08-05
Pc 37 Eating at the wrong time
"Yo pana bhikkhu vikāle khādanīyaṁ vā bhojanīyaṁ vā khādeyya vā bhuñjeyya vā, pācittiyan"ti.
"Khādissāmi bhuñjissāmī"ti paṭiggaṇhāti, āpatti dukkaṭassa.
| vikāle (ind.) | at the wrong time; at an improper time |
| khādanīya (nt.) | edible food; raw food; non-staple food; lit. to be chewed |
| khādati | chews; devours; eats; √khād (chew) |
| bhojanīya (nt.) | cooked food; soft food; lit. to be eaten |
| bhuñjati | eats; consumes; √bhuj (use, eat, enjoy) |
| paṭiggaṇhāti | takes; accepts; receives |
| ajjhohāra (m.) | swallowing; from ajjhoharati |
NP 23 Storing the five tonics too long
"Yāni kho pana tāni gilānānaṁ bhikkhūnaṁ paṭisāyanīyāni bhesajjāni, seyyathidaṁ ---
sappi navanītaṁ telaṁ madhu phāṇitaṁ, tāni paṭiggahetvā
sattāhaparamaṁ sannidhikārakaṁ paribhuñjitabbāni.
| gilāna (adj.) | sick; ill; unwell |
| paṭisāyanīya (ptp.) | edible; palatable; tasty; lit. to be tasted |
| bhesajja (nt.) | medicine; remedy; tonic |
| sappi, navanīta, tela, madhu, phāṇita | ghee, butter, oil, honey, sugar |
| sattāha-paramaṁ (ind.) | seven days at most |
| paramaṁ | at the most; for a maximum of; up to |
| sannidhi-kārakaṁ | keeping in store; storing |
| paribhuñjitabba (ptp.) | should be used; should be consumed |
| atikkāmayanta (prp.) | exceeding; going over |
| nissaggiya (ptp.) | involving relinquishment; lit. to be cast away |
Mv.VI.17.8 - Uggahitapaṭiggahaṇā "Accepting What One Has Picked Up"
Tena kho pana samayena sambahulā bhikkhū kāsīsu vassaṁvuṭṭhā
rājagahaṁ gacchantā bhagavantaṁ dassanāya
antarāmagge na labhiṁsu lūkhassa vā paṇītassa vā bhojanassa
yāvadatthaṁ pāripūriṁ; bahuñca phalakhādanīyaṁ ahosi;
kappiyakārako ca na ahosi.
| *sambahulā* | Nominative plural adjective | "many" |
| *kāsīsu* | Locative plural of Kāsī (a country) | "in the Kāsī region" |
| *vassaṁvuṭṭhā* | Past participle compound: vassaṁ (rains) + vuṭṭhā (having spent) | "having spent the rains retreat" |
| *gacchantā* | Present participle nominative plural of gacchati (to go) | "going" |
| *dassanāya* | Dative/infinite of dassana (seeing) | "for the seeing of" → "to see" |
| *antarāmagge* | Locative singular of antarāmagga (on the road) | "on the way" |
| *labhiṁsu* | 3rd person plural aorist of labhati (to obtain) | "they obtained" / "they got" |
| *lūkhassa* | Genitive singular of lūkha (coarse) | "of coarse" |
| *paṇītassa* | Genitive singular of paṇīta (refined) | "of refined" |
| *yāvadatthaṁ* | Compound: yāvat (as much as) + attha (need); accusative singular | "as much as needed" |
| *pāripūriṁ* | Accusative singular of pāripūri (satisfaction, fulfillment) | "fulfillment", "satisfaction" |
| *phalakhādanīyaṁ* | Accusative singular neuter of phala-khādanīya (edible fruit) | "fruit to be eaten" |
| *ahosi* | 3rd person singular imperfect of atthi (to be) | "there was" |
| *kappiyakārako* | Nominative singular of kappiya-kāraka (monastic attendant/helper) | "attendant who makes allowable" |
Atha kho te bhikkhū kilantarūpā yena rājagahaṁ
veḷuvanaṁ kalandakanivāpo, yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṁsu,
upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṁ abhivādetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdiṁsu.
Āciṇṇaṁ kho panetaṁ buddhānaṁ bhagavantānaṁ
āgantukehi bhikkhūhi saddhiṁ paṭisammodituṁ.
Atha kho bhagavā te bhikkhū etadavoca
"kacci, bhikkhave, khamanīyaṁ, kacci yāpanīyaṁ,
kaccittha appakilamathena addhānaṁ āgatā;
kuto ca tumhe, bhikkhave, āgacchathā"ti?
| *kilantarūpā* | Compound: kilanta (weary) + rūpā (in appearance); nom. pl. | "looking weary", "appearing tired" |
| *yena* | Relative adverb | "to where", "where" |
| *kalandakanivāpo* | Accusative singular compound: kalandaka (squirrel) + nivāpa (feeding place) | "Squirrel's Feeding Ground" |
| *tenupasaṅkamiṁsu* | Verb: tena (to him) + upasaṅkamiṁsu (they approached); 3rd pl. aorist | "they approached him" |
| *abhivādetvā* | Absolutive of abhivādeti (to pay respect) | "having paid respect" |
| *ekamantaṁ* | Accusative singular adverbial phrase | "to one side" |
| *nisīdiṁsu* | 3rd person plural aorist of nisīdati (to sit down) | "they sat down" |
| *Āciṇṇaṁ* | Nominative singular of āciṇṇa (habit, custom) | "customary" |
| *buddhānaṁ* | Genitive plural of buddha | "of the Buddhas" |
| *bhagavantānaṁ* | Genitive plural of bhagavant | "of the Blessed Ones" |
| *āgantukehi* | Instrumental plural of āgantuka (visitor) | "by visitors" |
| *saddhiṁ* | Indeclinable particle | "together with" |
| *paṭisammodituṁ* | Infinitive of paṭisammodati (to greet, welcome) | "to greet", "to exchange greetings" |
| *"kacci* | Interrogative particle (used in polite/concerned inquiry) | "Is it well?" / "I hope..." |
| *khamanīyaṁ* | Nominative singular neuter of khamanīya (bearable) | "bearable?" |
| *yāpanīyaṁ* | Nominative singular neuter of yāpanīya (livable, endurable) | "livable?", "endurable?" |
| *kaccittha* | kacci + tumhe + attha (are you...?) | "Are you...?" |
| *appakilamathena* | Instrumental singular of appa (little) + kilamatha (fatigue) | "with little fatigue" |
| *addhānaṁ* | Accusative singular of addhāna (journey) | "journey" |
| *āgatā* | Past participle of āgacchati (to come), nominative plural | "arrived", "come" |
| *kuto* | Interrogative adverb | "from where?" |
| *āgacchathā* | 2nd person plural present of āgacchati (to come) | "do you come" |
"Khamanīyaṁ, bhagavā, yāpanīyaṁ, bhagavā. Idha mayaṁ,
bhante, kāsīsu vassaṁvuṭṭhā rājagahaṁ āgacchantā
bhagavantaṁ dassanāya antarāmagge na labhimhā
lūkhassa vā paṇītassa vā bhojanassa yāvadatthaṁ pāripūriṁ;
bahuñca phalakhādanīyaṁ ahosi; kappiyakārako ca na ahosi;
tena mayaṁ kilantarūpā addhānaṁ āgatā"ti.
Atha kho bhagavā etasmiṁ nidāne etasmiṁ pakaraṇe
dhammiṁ kathaṁ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi
"anujānāmi, bhikkhave, yattha phalakhādanīyaṁ passati,
kappiyakārako ca na hoti, sāmaṁ gahetvā, haritvā,
kappiyakārake passitvā, bhūmiyaṁ nikkhipitvā,
paṭiggahāpetvā paribhuñjituṁ.
Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, uggahitaṁ paṭiggahitun"ti.
| *Khamanīyaṁ* | Nominative singular neuter of khamanīya (bearable) | "It is bearable" |
| *yāpanīyaṁ* | Nominative singular neuter of yāpanīya (livable, endurable) | "It is livable" |
| *nidāne* | Locative singular of nidāna (occasion, cause) | "occasion" |
| *pakaraṇe* | Locative singular of pakaraṇa (topic, subject) | "topic", "matter" |
| *dhammiṁ* | Accusative singular adjective of dhamma | "according to Dhamma", "righteous" |
| *kathaṁ* | Accusative singular of kathā (talk, discourse) | "talk", "discourse" |
| *katvā* | Absolutive of karoti (to do) | "having made", "after giving (a talk)" |
| *āmantesi* | 3rd person singular aorist of āmanteti (to address) | "he addressed" |
| *anujānāmi* | 1st person singular present of anujānāti (to allow, permit) | "I allow" |
| *yattha* | Relative adverb | "where" |
| *phalakhādanīyaṁ* | Acc. sg. nt. of phalakhādanīya (edible fruit) | "edible fruit" |
| *passati* | 3rd person singular present of passati (to see) | "one sees", "he sees" |
| *kappiyakārako* | Nominative singular of kappiyakāraka | "monastic attendant" |
| *sāmaṁ* | Indeclinable adverb | "oneself", "personally" |
| *gahetvā* | Absolutive of gaṇhāti (to take) | "having taken" |
| *haritvā* | Absolutive of harati (to carry, bring) | "having brought" |
| *kappiyakārake* | Locative plural of kappiyakāraka | "to the monastic attendants" |
| *passitvā* | Absolutive of passati (to see) | "having seen" |
| *bhūmiyaṁ* | Locative singular of bhūmi (ground, earth) | "on the ground" |
| *nikkhipitvā* | Absolutive of nikkhipati (to place, deposit) | "having placed down" |
| *paṭiggahāpetvā* | Absolutive of causative paṭiggahāpeti (to cause to receive) | "having caused to be accepted" |
| *paribhuñjituṁ* | Infinitive of paribhuñjati (to use, consume) | "to make use of", "to consume" |
| *uggahitaṁ* | Accusative singular neuter of uggahita (picked up, taken) | "what has been picked up" |
| *paṭiggahituṁ* | Infinitive of paṭiggaṇhāti (to accept) | "to be accepted", "I allow [it] to be accepted" |
SN 12.63 Puttamaṁsasutta
Sāvatthiyaṁ ... "Cattārome, bhikkhave, āhārā bhūtānaṁ vā sattānaṁ ṭhitiyā
sambhavesīnaṁ vā anuggahāya. Katame cattāro? Kabaḷīkāro āhāro oḷāriko vā sukhumo vā,
phasso dutiyo, manosañcetanā tatiyā, viññāṇaṁ catutthaṁ.
Ime kho, bhikkhave, cattāro āhārā bhūtānaṁ vā sattānaṁ ṭhitiyā sambhavesīnaṁ vā anuggahāya.
Kathañca, bhikkhave, kabaḷīkāro āhāro daṭṭhabbo?
Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, dve jāyampatikā parittaṁ sambalaṁ ādāya kantāramaggaṁ paṭipajjeyyuṁ.
[...] crossing the desert [...]
| āhāra (m. +dat) | food (for); fuel (for); sustenance (for); nutriment (for) |
| bhūta (pp.) | existing; born; living; lit. become; [√bhū + ta] |
| satta (m.) | being; living being; creature [√as + a + tta] |
| ṭhitiyā (f. +gen) | for the continuity (of); for the endurance (of) |
| sambhavesī (adj.) | who is seeking birth |
| anuggaha (m) | support; help; assistance [anu + √gah + a] |
| kabaḷīkāra (adj.) | material; physical; edible; lit. made into morsels [kabaḷa + kāra] |
| daṭṭhabba (ptp. +intr) | should be seen; should be regarded as; |
| lit. to be seen [√dis + a + tabba] | |
| jāyampatikā (m.) | wife and husband |
| parittaṁ sambalaṁ | little provisions |
| ādāya (ger.) | taking |
| kantāramagga (m.) | road through a desert/wilderness |
| paṭipajjati | follows a path; undertake a journey |
Taṁ kiṁ maññatha, bhikkhave, api nu te davāya vā āhāraṁ āhāreyyuṁ, madāya vā āhāraṁ āhāreyyuṁ,
maṇḍanāya vā āhāraṁ āhāreyyuṁ, vibhūsanāya vā āhāraṁ āhāreyyun"ti? "No hetaṁ, bhante".
"Nanu te, bhikkhave, yāvadeva kantārassa nittharaṇatthāya āhāraṁ āhāreyyun"ti? "Evaṁ, bhante".
"'Evameva khvāhaṁ, bhikkhave, kabaḷīkāro āhāro daṭṭhabbo'ti vadāmi. Kabaḷīkāre, bhikkhave,
āhāre pariññāte pañca kāmaguṇiko rāgo pariññāto hoti.
Pañca kāmaguṇike rāge pariññāte natthi taṁ saṁyojanaṁ yena saṁyojanena saṁyutto
ariyasāvako puna imaṁ lokaṁ āgaccheyya.
| maññati | thinks; imagines; conceives |
| davāya | for fun; for play; √dū (go, run) |
| madāya | for intoxication; for indulgence; √mad (be mad, be intoxicated) |
| maṇḍanāya | for embellishment; for bulk; for shape; √maṇḍ (adorn) |
| vibhūsanāya | for embellishment; for physical appearance; √bhūs (adorn, decorate) |
| kantāra (m.) | desert; wasteland |
| nittharaṇatthāya | for crossing; for getting across; [nittharaṇa + attha + āya] |
| pariññāta (pp.) | completely comprehended; fully understood [pari + √ñā + ta] |
| kāmaguṇika (adj.) | related to strings of sensual desire [kāma + guṇa + ika] |
| puna (ind.) | again |