2025-08-19
Jaya-paritta (Mahā-kāruṇiko)
Mahā-kāruṇiko nātho / Hitāya sabba-pāṇinaṁ
Pūretvā pāramī sabbā / Patto sambodhim-uttamaṁ
Etena sacca-vajjena / Hotu te jaya-maṅgalaṁ
| mahākāruṇika | (adj) of great compassion; enormously compassionate [mahā + karuṇā] |
| nātha | (masc) protector; lord; refuge (of) [√nāth + a] masc, agent, from nāthati |
| hitāya | (nt) beneficial (for); advantageous (for) [hita + āya] nt, dat sg of hita |
| sabbapāṇī | (masc) all living beings; all creatures [sabba + pāṇī] masc, comp |
| pūretvā 2 | (abs) having fulfilled; having completed; having accomplished [pūre + tvā] abs of pūreti |
| pāramī | (fem) fulfilment; perfection; transcendental virtue; ultimate state fem, abstr, from parama |
| sabba 1 | (pron) all; every pron, adj |
| patta 3.1 | (pp) reached; attained; gained; accomplished; found [pa + √ap + ta] pp of pāpuṇāti |
| sambodhi | (fem) full awakening; enlightenment [saṁ + √budh > bodh + *i] fem, from sambujjhati |
| uttama 1 | (adj) best; highest; ultimate; supreme; top [ud + tama] adj, superl of ud |
| etena | (ind) because of this; on account of this [eta + ena] ind, instr sg of eta |
| saccavajja | (nt) speaking honestly; telling the truth [sacca + vajja] nt, comp |
| hotu 1 | (imp) may it be (for)! [ho + tu] imp of hoti |
| jaya 1 | (nt) victory; conquest; winning [√ji > jay + *a] nt, from jayati |
| maṅgala 1 | (nt) what is auspicious; blessing; good omen; prosperity [√maṅg + ala] nt |
Jayanto bodhiyā mūle / Sakyānaṁ nandi-vaḍḍhano
Evaṁ tvaṁ vijayo hohi / Jayassu jaya-maṅgale
| jayanta 1 | (prp) conquering; being victorious (over) [jaya + nta] prp of jayati |
| bodhi 3 | (fem) Bodhi tree; Ficus religiosia [√budh > bodh + *i] fem, from bujjhati |
| mūla 1 | (nt) (of a tree) root; base; foot [√mūl + a] nt |
| sakya 1 | (masc) name of the family into which the Buddha was born [√sak + ya] masc, from sakkoti |
| nandi 1 | (fem) pleasure; enjoyment; relish; delight [√nand + i] fem, abstr, from nandati |
| vaḍḍhana 1 | (nt) increasing; growing; proliferating [√vaḍḍh + ana] nt, act, from vaḍḍheti |
| evaṁ 1 | (ind) thus; this; like this; similarly; in the same manner; just as; such [eva + aṁ] ind, adv |
| tvaṁ 1 | (pron) you (subject) [tumha + aṁ > tuvaṁ > tvaṁ] pron, 2nd nom sg of tumha |
| vijaya 1 | (masc) victory; triumph; success (in) [vi + √ji > jay + *a] masc, from vijayati |
| hohi | (imp) be! you must become! [ho + hi] imp 2nd sg of hoti |
| ssu | (ind) certainly; definitely ind, in comps |
| tayassu | (sandhi) exactly three [taya + ssu] sandhi, adj + ind |
Aparājita-pallaṅke / Sīse paṭhavi-pokkhare
Abhiseke sabba-buddhānaṁ / Aggappatto pamodati
| aparājita 1 | (pp) unconquered; undefeated; victorious; triumphant [na > a + parā + √ji + ta] |
| pallaṅka 2 | (masc) cross-legged sitting position; meditation posture |
| sīsa 1 | (nt) head nt |
| pathavī 1 | (fem) earth; world [√path + avī] fem |
| pokkhara 1 | (nt) blue water lily; Nymphaea nouchali nt |
| abhiseka | (masc) anointment; coronation; inauguration; investiture |
| sabba 1 | (pron) all; every pron, adj |
| buddhānaṁ | (masc) of Buddhas, of Awakened Ones [buddha + ānaṁ] masc, gen pl of buddha |
| aggappatta | (adj) who has reached the peak level; who has attained the pinnacle [agga + patta] adj, comp |
| pamodati | (pr) is delighted (with); is very happy (with); is jubilant (about) [pa + moda + ti] pr |
(AN 3.155 Pubbaṇhasutta, SC, SSP)
Ye, bhikkhave, sattā pubbaṇhasamayaṁ / majjhanhikasamayaṁ / sāyanhasamayaṁ
kāyena sucaritaṁ caranti, vācāya sucaritaṁ caranti, manasā sucaritaṁ caranti,
supubbaṇho / sumajjhanhiko / susāyanho, bhikkhave, tesaṁ sattānaṁ.
| ye 1 | (pron) whoever; whatever; whichever; those who pron, masc & nt nom pl of ya |
| pubbaṇhasamayaṁ | (ind) early in the morning [pubba + aṇha + samaya + aṁ] |
| majjhanhikasamayaṁ | (ind) at noon time; at midday [majjhanhika + samaya + aṁ] |
| sāyanhasamayaṁ | (ind) in the late afternoon; in the early evening [sāyanha + samaya + aṁ] |
| sucarita 2 | (nt) good conduct (by); good behaviour (by) [su + √car + ita] nt, from carita |
| carati 2.1 | (pr) acts; practices; performs; does [cara + ti] pr |
| tesaṁ 2 | (pron) their; of these; of them; of those [ta + esānaṁ] pron, masc & nt gen pl of ta |
Sunakkhattaṁ sumaṅgalaṁ, / Supabhātaṁ suhuṭṭhitaṁ;
Sukhaṇo sumuhutto ca, / Suyiṭṭhaṁ brahmacārisu.
| sunakkhatta | (nt) auspicious occasion [su + √nakkh + a + tta] nt, abstr, from nakkhatta |
| sumaṅgala 1 | (adj) very auspicious; propitious; beneficial [su + √maṅg + ala] adj, from maṅgala |
| supabhāta | (nt) beautiful sunrise; good dawn [su + pa + √bhā + ta] nt, from pabhāta |
| suhuṭṭhita | (nt) good rising; good wake up [su + [h] + ud + √ṭhā + ita] nt, from uṭṭhita |
| sukhaṇa | (masc) precious moment [su + khaṇa] masc, from khaṇa |
| sumuhutta | (masc) good moment; auspicious time [su + muhutta] masc, from muhutta |
| suyiṭṭha 1 | (adj) well given; properly offered (to) [su + √yaj > yij + ta] adj, from yiṭṭha |
| brahmacāri | (masc) celibate man; spiritual practitioner [brahma + cārī > cāri] masc, comp |
Padakkhiṇaṁ kāya-kammaṁ, / Vācā-kammaṁ padakkhiṇaṁ;
Padakkhiṇaṁ mano-kammaṁ, / Paṇidhi te padakkhiṇā;
Padakkhiṇāni katvāna, / Labhant'atthe padakkhiṇe.
| padakkhiṇa | (adj) auspicious; favourable; reverential; respectful; upright [pa + √dakkh + iṇa] |
| vācākamma | (nt) verbal action; deed by speech [vācā + kamma] nt, comp |
| paṇidhi | (masc) aspiration (for); intention (to); determination (to) |
| katvāna 2 | (abs) having made; having done; having performed [√kar + tvāna] abs of karoti |
| labhantatthe | (sandhi) they get the benefits (of); they obtain the good results (of) [labhanti + atthe] |
| attha 1.2 | (masc) benefit; profit; good; welfare [√ar + tha] masc |
Te atthaladdhā sukhitā, / viruḷhā buddhasāsane;
Arogā sukhitā hotha, / saha sabbehi ñātibhī'ti.
| atthaladdha | (adj) attained the goal; fulfilled one's purpose; got the benefit [attha + laddha] adj, comp |
| sukhita | (pp) pleased; delighted; blessed; comforted; happy [√sukh + ita] pp of sukheti |
| viruḷha | (pp) grown; developed; increased; flourished (in) pp of viruhati |
| buddhasāsana | (nt) Buddha's teaching; Buddha's message [buddha + sāsana] nt, comp |
| aroga | (adj) healthy; free from disease [na > a + √ruj > rog + *a] adj, from na rujati |
| hotha | (imp) may you all be!; you all must be!; I pray you all may be! [ho + tha] imp 2nd pl of hotu |
| saha 1.2 | (ind) with; together (with); accompanied (by) ind, prep |
| sabba 1 | (pron) all; every pron, adj |
| ñāti | (masc) family; relative; kinsman [√ñā + ti] masc, from jānāti |
Sīmānujānana: The Allowance of Territories
Presentation About Sīmā by Ajahn Gavesako (PDF, 2023)
Sīmānujānanā (Mv.II.6.1, dhammatalks.org, SSP)
Atha kho bhikkhūnaṁ etadahosi --- "bhagavatā paññattaṁ:
'ettāvatā sāmaggī yāvatā ekāvāso'ti, kittāvatā nu kho ekāvāso hotī"ti?
Bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ.
"Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, sīmaṁ sammannituṁ. Evañca pana, bhikkhave, sammannitabbā ---
paṭhamaṁ nimittā kittetabbā --- pabbatanimittaṁ, pāsāṇanimittaṁ, vananimittaṁ,
rukkhanimittaṁ, magganimittaṁ, vammikanimittaṁ, nadīnimittaṁ, udakanimittaṁ.
Nimitte kittetvā byattena bhikkhunā paṭibalena saṅgho ñāpetabbo:
| paññatta 2 | (pp) (of a rule) formulated; prescribed; decreed; declared [pa + ñāpe + ta] pp of paññāpeti |
| ettāvatā | (ind) to this extent; to such a degree; so far [ima + tta + vant + tā], [ettāvant + tā] ind, adv, instr sg of ettāvant |
| sāmaggī 1 | (fem) concord; unity; peace; harmony [saṁ > sām + agga + *ī], [samagga + *ī] fem, from agga |
| yāvatā 1 | (ind) as long as; as far as; of all; to the extent that [yāva + tā] ind, adv, abl sg of yāva |
| kittāvatā | (ind) in what way?; to what extent?; in what respect? [ka > ki + tāva + tā], [kittāva + tā] ind, adv, comp, interr |
| ekāvāsa | (masc) one residence; single monastery [eka + āvāsa] masc, comp |
| ārocesi 1 | (aor) told (to); informed (to); explained (to) [ā + roce + si] aor of āroceti |
| anujānāti 1 | (pr) allows (to); permits (to); grants permission (to) [anu + jānā + ti] pr |
| sīmā 1 | (fem) limit; boundary; barrier; border fem |
| sammannituṁ | (inf) to authorize; to appoint; to elect; to choose [saṁ + manna + ituṁ] inf of sammannati |
| sammannitabba | (ptp) should be authorized; should be appointed; should be elected; should be chosen [saṁ + manna + itabba] ptp of sammannati |
| paṭhamaṁ 1 | (ind) first; firstly; at first; first of all [pa + √ṭhā + ma + aṁ], [paṭhama + aṁ] ind, adv, acc sg of paṭhama |
| nimitta 1 | (nt) mark; sign; symbol; indication [ni + √mā > mi + tta] nt |
| kittetabba | (ptp) should be announced; should be proclaimed [kitte + tabba] ptp of kitteti |
| ñāpetabba | (ptp) should be informed (by) [ñāpe + tabba] ptp of ñāpeti |
pabbata: mountain, pāsāṇa: rock, vana: forest grove, rukkha: tree,
magga: road, vammika: anthill, nadī: river, udaka: water.
(Compare the formula with the Kaṭhina Saṅghakamma)
'Suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho. Yāvatā samantā nimittā kittitā. Yadi saṅghassa pattakallaṁ, saṅgho
etehi nimittehi sīmaṁ sammanneyya samānasaṁvāsaṁ ekuposathaṁ. Esā ñatti.Suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho. Yāvatā samantā nimittā kittitā. Saṅgho etehi nimittehi sīmaṁ
sammannati samānasaṁvāsaṁ ekuposathaṁ. Yassāyasmato khamati etehi nimittehi sīmāya sammuti
samānasaṁvāsāya ekuposathāya, so tuṇhassa; yassa nakkhamati, so bhāseyya.Sammatā sīmā saṅghena etehi nimittehi samānasaṁvāsā ekuposathā.
Khamati saṅghassa, tasmā tuṇhī, evametaṁ dhārayāmī'"ti.
| suṇātu | (imp) one must listen!; it must hear! [suṇā + tu] imp of suṇāti |
| me 1 | (pron) myself; me (object) pron, 1st acc sg of ahaṁ |
| yāvatā 1 | (ind) as long as; as far as; of all; to the extent that [yāva + tā] ind, adv, abl sg of yāva |
| samantā 2 | (ind) nearby; bordering; neighbouring [saṁ + anta + ā] ind, adv, abl sg of samanta |
| nimitta 1 | (nt) mark; sign; symbol; indication [ni + √mā > mi + tta] nt |
| kittita 2 | (pp) proclaimed; announced; expounded (by) [√kitt + ita] pp of kitteti |
| yadi 1 | (ind) if; even; even if; perhaps [ya + di] ind |
| pattakalla | (nt) good time; suitable occasion (for) [patta + kāla > kalla] nt, comp |
| etehi 1 | (pron) by these; with these [eta + ehi] pron, masc & nt instr pl of eta |
| sīmā 1 | (fem) limit; boundary; barrier; border fem |
| sammannati 1 | (pr) determines; arranges; authorizes; approves [saṁ + manna + ti] pr |
| samānasaṁvāsa | (adj) belonging to the same community; sharing the same residence [samāna + saṁvāsa] |
| ekuposatha | (adj) with one and the same observance-day ceremony [eka + uposatha] adj, comp |
| esā | (pron) she; this; this woman [eta + sā] pron, fem nom sg of eta |
| ñatti | (fem) (vinaya) motion; initial statement [√ñā + ti] fem, abstr, from jānāpeti |
| yassāyasmato | (sandhi) for that venerable who [yassa + āyasmato] sandhi, pron + masc |
| khamati 2 | (pr) seems good (to); is acceptable (to); is suitable (for); is pleasing (to) [khama + ti] pr |
| so 1.1 | (pron) he; that person; that thing pron, masc nom sg of ta |
| tuṇhassa | (opt) one should remain silent [tuṇhi + assa] opt of tuṇhībhavati, comp vb |
| yassa 1 | (pron) to whom; for whom; for whoever [ya + ssa] pron, masc & nt dat sg of ya |
| nakkhamati | (pr) is not acceptable (to); is not suitable (for) [na + khamati] |
| bhāseyya | (opt) should speak; should say [bhāsa + eyya] opt of bhāsati |
| tasmā 1 | (pron) from that [ta + smā] pron, masc & nt abl sg of ta |
| tuṇhī 3 | (ind) silent; quiet ind, adv, from tuṇhī |
| evametaṁ | (sandhi) so it is; just like that; exactly like that [evaṁ + etaṁ] sandhi, ind + pron |
| dhārayati 2 | (pr) takes; considers; believes; keeps in mind [dhāraya + ti] pr |
... The Group-of-six monks authorized excessively large territories ... Coming to the Uposatha, monks arrived during the recitation of the Pāṭimokkha, when the Pāṭimokkha had just been recited, or they spent the night on the way. They reported the matter to the Blessed One.
"I allow that a territory be authorized for three yojanas at most."
... Group-of-six monks authorized a territory including the far side of a river. Monks coming to the Uposatha were swept away, or their bowls were swept away, or their robes were swept away. They reported the matter to the Blessed One.
"I allow that a territory including the far side of a river be authorized if it has a permanent boat [i.e. a ferry] or permanent bridge."