2025-09-09
Digital Pāḷi Dictionary: https://dpdict.net/
Meditation Course on the Six Senses (Saḷāyatana) by Ven. Bodhirasa
Syntax of the Cases in the Pāli Nikāyas
sukhī hotu / sukhī hontu
✘ sukhī hotu, ✘ sukhī hontu
3rd sg
Sukhī hotu, brāhmaṇa, ambaṭṭho māṇavo'ti. (DN 3)
Evaṁ sukhī hotu, pañcasikha, sakko devānamindo sāmacco saparijano. (DN 21)
Appampi ce saddahāno dadāti, teneva so hoti sukhī paratthā'ti. (SN 1.33)
| sukha 1 | (adj) easy (on); comfortable (for); pleasant (for); contented [√sukh + a] adj |
| sukhī 1 | (adj) at ease; happy; comfortable [sukha + ī] adj, from sukha |
| hotu 1 | (imp) may it be (for)! [ho + tu] imp of hoti |
| ambaṭṭha | (masc) name of a young Brahman masc |
| māṇava 1 | (masc) young man; young gentleman; young Brahman masc, from manu |
| pañcasikha 1 | (masc) name of a demigod [pañca + sikhā + a], [pañcasikhā + a] masc, comp |
| sakka 2 | (masc) name of the king of the Devas; Sakka [√sak + ra] masc, from sakkoti |
| devānaminda | (masc) lord of the gods; epithet of Sakka [devānaṁ + inda] masc, comp |
| sāmacca 2 | (adj) together with one's ministers adj, from amacca |
| saparijana | (adj) together with one's followers [sa + pari + √jan + a] adj, from parijana |
| appampi | (sandhi) even a little [appaṁ + api] sandhi, adv + ind |
| saddahāna | (prp) having faith; having confidence; [sad + daha + āna] prp of saddahati |
| dadāti | (pr) gives; offers; donates; grants (something to) [dadā + ti] pr |
| teneva | (sandhi) because of that very thing; by that alone [tena + eva] sandhi, pron + ind |
| parattha 2.1 | (ind) afterwards; later; hereafter [para + ttha] ind, adv, from para |
3rd pl
Idaṁ vo ñātīnaṁ hotu, sukhitā hontu ñātayo. (Khp 7)
Sukhinova khemino hontu, sabbe sattā bhavantu sukhitattā. (Khp 9)
| vo 1.1 | (pron) you all (subject) pron, 2nd nom pl of tvaṁ |
| ñāti | (masc) family; relative; kinsman [√ñā + ti] masc, from jānāti |
| sukhita | (pp) pleased; delighted; blessed; comforted; happy [√sukh + ita] pp of sukheti |
| khemī | (adj) at peace; safe; secure [khema + ī] adj, from khema |
| bhavati 1 | (pr) is; is being; becomes [bhava + ti] pr |
| sukhitatta | (adj) happy; easy going; (comm) with pleased mind [sukhita + atta] adj, comp |
2nd sg
Sukhito bāvarī hotu, saha sissehi brāhmaṇo, tvañcāpi sukhito hohi, ciraṁ jīvāhi māṇava. (Snp 5.1)
Jano janasmiṁ vinayassu chandaṁ, tato sukhī hohisi vītarāgo. (SN 9.1)
2nd pl
Arogā sukhitā hotha, saha sabbehi ñātibhī'ti. (AN 3.156)
| bāvarī | (masc) name of a Brahman ascetic masc |
| sissa | (masc) pupil; student [√sās > sīs > siss + ya] masc, ptp of sāsati |
| api 1.1 | (ind) just; only ind |
| hohi | (imp) be! you must become! [ho + hi] imp 2nd sg of hoti |
| ciraṁ | (ind) for a long time [cira + aṁ] ind, adv, acc sg of cira |
| jīvāhi | (imp) you must live! imp 2nd sg of jīvati |
| māṇava 1 | (masc) young man; young Brahman [manu > māṇav + *a] masc, from manu |
| jana 1 | (masc) man; person; fellow [√jan + a] masc, agent, from jāyati |
| vinayati | (pr) removes; dispels [vi + naya + ti] pr |
| chanda 1 | (masc) desire (for); wish (for); intention (to); masc, from chādeti |
| tato 1 | (pron) from that; therefrom; from him [ta + to] pron, abl sg of ta |
| hohiti | (fut) will be; will become [hohi + ti] fut of hoti |
| vītarāga 1 | (adj) free from desire (for); without lust (for); [vīta + rāga] adj, comp |
| aroga | (adj) healthy; free from disease adj, from na rujati |
| hotha | (imp) may you all be!; I pray you all may be! [ho + tha] imp 2nd pl of hotu |
✔ sukhī hohi, ✔ sukhī hotha
Kāye kāyānupassī viharati
+ locative
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā verañjāyaṁ viharati naḷerupucimandamūle (VIN 1 pārājikapāḷi)
Ekaṁ samayaṁ bhagavā ukkaṭṭhāyaṁ viharati subhagavane sālarājamūle. (MN 1)
Ekaṁ samayaṁ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṁ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. (MN 2)
Ekaṁ samayaṁ bhagavā sakkesu viharati kapilavatthusmiṁ nigrodhārāme. (MN 14)
Ekaṁ samayaṁ āyasmā mahāmoggallāno bhaggesu viharati susumāragire bhesakaḷāvane migadāye. (MN 15)
Ekaṁ samayaṁ bhagavā kurūsu viharati (MN 10, DN 22)
| verañjā | (fem) name of a town fem |
| naḷerupucimandamūla | (nt) foot of Naḷeru's neem tree [naḷeru + pucimanda + mūla] nt, comp |
| ukkaṭṭhā | (fem) name of town [ukkaṭṭha + ā] fem, from ukkaṭṭha |
| vana 1.1 | (nt) wood; forest; grove nt |
| sakkā 2 | (masc) name of the people of Sakya; Sakyans [√sak + ya + ā] masc pl of sakka |
| bhaggā | (masc) name of the people of Bhagga; Bhaggans [bhagga + ā] masc pl of bhagga |
| kuru | (masc) name of a country masc |
| miga 1 | (masc) deer masc |
| dāya 1.1 | (masc) wood; grove; park; forest monastery masc |
+ nominative
Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu paṭisaṅkhā yoniso cakkhundriyasaṁvarasaṁvuto viharati. (MN 2)
Byāpādappadosaṁ pahāya abyāpannacitto viharati. (MN 27)
So mettāsahagatena cetasā ekaṁ disaṁ pharitvā viharati. (MN 7)
| paṭisaṅkhā 1 | (ger) reflecting; carefully considering; ger of paṭisaṅkhāti |
| yoniso | (ind) properly; thoroughly; intelligently [yoni + so] ind, adv, abl sg of yoni |
| saṁvuta 2 | (pp) restrained (wrt); controlled (in); moderated (in); pp of saṁvarati |
| byāpādappadosa | (masc) ill-will and hatred [byāpāda + padosa] masc, comp |
| pahāya 1 | (ger) giving up; abandoning [pa + √hā + ya] ger of pajahati |
| abyāpannacitta | (adj) with a kind mind [na > a + byāpanna + citta] adj, comp |
| sahagata | (adj) filled (with); associated (with) [saha + gata] adj, comp |
| cetasā | (masc) with mind; by mind; with thought; masc, instr sg of cetas, mano group |
| disā 1 | (fem) direction; cardinal point [√dis + ā] fem, from disati |
| pharitvā 1 | (abs) having pervaded; having filled [√phar + itvā] abs of pharati |
+ nominative + locative
Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu kāye kāyānupassī viharati.
... vedanāsu vedanānupassī viharati ... citte cittānupassī viharati ... dhammesu dhammānupassī viharati ...
Ātāpī sampajāno satimā, vineyya loke abhijjhādomanassaṁ.
| anupassī 1 | (adj) looking (at); observing; following; watching [anu + passa + ī] adj, in comps, from anupassati |
| ātāpī | (adj) ardent; with continuous effort [ā + √tap > tāp + *ī] adj, from ātapati |
| sampajāna 1 | (adj) clearly aware; fully knowing [saṁ + pa + jānā + a] adj, from sampajānāti |
| satimant 1 | (adj) mindful; fully present; attentive [sati + mant] adj, from sati |
| vineyya 1 | (ger) removing; getting rid (of); putting aside ger of vineti |
| loka 1 | (masc) world; universe; cosmos [√lok + a] masc |
| abhijjhādomanassa | (masc) wanting and unhappiness; craving and aversion; [abhijjhā + domanassa] |
+ ablative
MN 64 Mahāmālukyasutta
Katamo cānanda, maggo, katamā paṭipadā pañcannaṁ orambhāgiyānaṁ saṁyojanānaṁ pahānāya?
Idhānanda, bhikkhu upadhivivekā akusalānaṁ dhammānaṁ pahānā sabbaso kāyaduṭṭhullānaṁ paṭippassaddhiyā vivicceva kāmehi vivicca akusalehi dhammehi savitakkaṁ savicāraṁ vivekajaṁ pītisukhaṁ paṭhamaṁ jhānaṁ upasampajja viharati.
| orambhāgiya | (adj) lower; related to the lower world [ora + [m] + bhāgiya] adj, comp, from orambhāga |
| pahāna | (nt) giving up (of); letting go (of); removal (of); abandoning (of) [pa + √hā + ana] nt, act |
| kāyaduṭṭhulla | (nt) sluggishness; physical inertia; bodily heaviness [kāya + duṭṭhulla] nt, abstr, comp |
| paṭippassaddhi | (fem) (vinaya) annulment; revocation; rescinding [pati + pa + √sambh + ti] fem, abstr, from paṭippassambhati |
So yadeva tattha hoti rūpagataṁ vedanāgataṁ saññāgataṁ saṅkhāragataṁ viññāṇagataṁ
te dhamme aniccato dukkhato rogato gaṇḍato sallato aghato ābādhato
parato palokato suññato anattato samanupassati.
So tehi dhammehi cittaṁ paṭivāpeti.
| yadeva | (sandhi) any; whichever [yad + eva] sandhi, pron + ind |
| tattha 1 | (ind) there; in that place [ta + ttha] ind, adv, from ta |
| gata 3 | (pp) related to; referring to; kind of; type of; of a sort [√gam + ta] pp of gacchati, in comps |
| aniccato | (ind) as impermanent; as unstable; as transient; as unreliable [anicca + to] ind, adv, abl sg |
| dukkhato 1 | (nt) from suffering; from discomfort; from pain [dukkha + to] nt, abl sg of dukkha |
| rogato | (ind) as disease; as illness [roga + to] ind, adv, abl sg of roga |
| gaṇḍato | (ind) as a boil; as an abscess [gaṇḍa + to] ind, adv, abl sg of gaṇḍa |
| sallato | (ind) as an arrow; as a dagger [salla + to] ind, adv, abl sg of salla |
| aghato | (ind) as trouble; as pain; as bad [agha + to] ind, adv, abl sg of agha |
| ābādhato | (ind) as disease; as sickness; as illness; as affliction; as oppressive [ābādha + to] abl sg |
| parato 1 | (pron) of another; another's [para + to] pron, abl sg of para |
| palokato | (ind) as falling apart; as disintegrating [paloka + to] ind, adv, abl sg of paloka |
| suññato | (ind) as empty; as void; as essenceless [suñña + to] ind, adv, abl sg of suñña |
| anattato | (ind) as impersonal; as not oneself; as non-subjective [anatta + to] ind, adv, abl sg of na atta |
| samanupassati | (pr) sees; perceives [saṁ + anu + passa + ti] pr |
| tehi 2 | (pron) than them; from them [ta + ehi] pron, masc & nt abl pl of ta |
| citta 1.1 | (nt) mind; heart [√cit + ta] nt, from ceteti |
| paṭivāpeti | (pr) withdraws (from); pulls back (from); makes turn away (from) [pati + vāpe + ti] pr, caus of paṭivāti |
So tehi dhammehi cittaṁ paṭivāpetvā amatāya dhātuyā cittaṁ upasaṁharati: 'etaṁ santaṁ etaṁ paṇītaṁ yadidaṁ sabbasaṅkhārasamatho sabbūpadhipaṭinissaggo taṇhākkhayo virāgo nirodho nibbānan'ti.
So tattha ṭhito āsavānaṁ khayaṁ pāpuṇāti; no ce āsavānaṁ khayaṁ pāpuṇāti teneva dhammarāgena tāya dhammanandiyā pañcannaṁ orambhāgiyānaṁ saṁyojanānaṁ parikkhayā opapātiko hoti, tattha parinibbāyī, anāvattidhammo tasmā lokā.
Ayampi kho, ānanda, maggo ayaṁ paṭipadā pañcannaṁ orambhāgiyānaṁ saṁyojanānaṁ pahānāya.
| amata 1.1 | (nt) deathless state; immortality; epithet of Nibbāna [na > a + √mar + ta] nt, pp of na marati |
| dhātu 1 | (fem) state; property; condition; element [√dhā + tu] fem, abstr, from dadhāti |
| citta 1.1 | (nt) mind; heart [√cit + ta] nt, from ceteti |
| upasaṁharati 2 | (pr) focuses; concentrates; applies [upa + saṁ + hara + ti] pr |
| paṇīta 2 | (pp) fine; refined; excellent; superior; sublime [pa + √nī + ta] pp of paṇeti |
| yadidaṁ | (sandhi) namely; that is [yad + idaṁ] sandhi, pron + pron |
| sabbasaṅkhārasamatha | (masc) stilling of all processes; calming of all activities [sabba + saṅkhāra + samatha] masc, comp |
| sabbūpadhipaṭinissagga | (masc) letting go all attachment; releasing all sense of ownership [sabba + upadhi + paṭinissagga] masc, comp |
Snp 5.16 Mogharājamāṇavapucchā
Evaṁ abhikkantadassāviṁ, / atthi pañhena āgamaṁ;
Kathaṁ lokaṁ avekkhantaṁ, / maccurājā na passati?
"Suññato lokaṁ avekkhassu, / Mogharāja sadā sato;
Attānudiṭṭhiṁ ūhacca, / Evaṁ maccutaro siyā;
Evaṁ lokaṁ avekkhantaṁ, / Maccurājā na passatī"ti.
| abhikkantadassāvī | (adj) of excellent vision [abhikkanta + dassāvī] adj, comp |
| atthi 2.1 | (masc) seeker; who wants; who needs; who desires [√atth + i] masc, agent |
| pañha 1 | (nt) question; enquiry [√pañh + a] nt |
| āgamaṁ | (aor) I myself have come [ā + √gam + aṁ] aor, reflx 1st sg of āgami |
| kathaṁ 1 | (ind) how? [ka + thaṁ] ind, adv, interr, from ka |
| avekkhanta | (prp) seeing; regarding; viewing; considering ; prp of avekkhati |
| maccurāja | (masc) King of Death [maccu + rāja] masc, atta group, comp |
| suññato | (ind) as empty; as void; as essenceless [suñña + to] ind, adv, abl sg of suñña |
| avekkhassu | (imp) you yourself must see; you yourself should regard [ava + ikkha + ssu] imp, reflx 2nd sg of avekkhati |
| mogharāja | (masc) name of an arahant monk [mogha + rāja] masc, comp, atta group |
| mogha | (adj) useless; pointless; futile; lit. empty adj, from muyhati |
| sadā | (ind) always; ever; all the time [saṁ + dā] ind, adv, from saṁ |
| sata 1.1 | (pp) mindful; present; attentive [√sar + ta] pp of sarati |
| attānudiṭṭhi | (fem) sense of self; concept of identity; [atta + anudiṭṭhi] fem, abstr, comp |
| ūhacca 1.1 | (ger) removing; uprooting; eradicating [ud > ū + √han + tya] ger of ūhanati |
| maccutara | (adj) who surpasses death; who passes beyond death [maccu + tara] adj, comp |
| siyā 1 | (opt) could be; may be; might be; should be [siya + ā] opt of atthi, irreg |