2025-09-30
AN 5.36 Kāladānasutta (Kāle dadanti sapaññā)
(SC, Bhikkhu Manual)
"Pañcimāni, bhikkhave, kāladānāni. Katamāni pañca? Āgantukassa dānaṁ deti; gamikassa dānaṁ deti;
gilānassa dānaṁ deti; dubbhikkhe dānaṁ deti; yāni tāni navasassāni navaphalāni
tāni paṭhamaṁ sīlavantesu patiṭṭhāpeti. Imāni kho, bhikkhave, pañca kāladānānī'ti.
| āgantuka 1 | (masc) guest; newcomer; new arrival; stranger [āgantu + ka] masc, agent, from āgantar |
| deti 1 | (pr) gives (to); donates (to); offers (to); hands (to) [de + ti] pr |
| gamika 1 | (masc) traveller; leaver; who is going on a journey [√gam + ika] masc, agent, from gacchati |
| gilāna 1 | (adj) sick; ill; unwell [√gilā + ana] adj |
| dubbhikkha | (nt) famine; scarcity of alms-food [dur + √bhikkh + ā + a] nt, from bhikkhā |
| yāni | (pron) whichever (things) [ya + āni] pron, nt nom & acc pl of ya |
| tāni 1 | (pron) they; those; those things [ta + āni] pron, nt nom pl of ta |
| navasassa | (nt) first fruit of the harvest [nava + sassa] nt, comp |
| navaphala | (nt) first fruits of the season [nava + phala] nt, comp |
| paṭhamaṁ 1 | (ind) first; firstly; at first; first of all [paṭhama + aṁ] ind, adv, acc sg of paṭhama |
| sīlavant | (adj) virtuous; ethical; moral [sīla + vant] adj, from sīla |
| patiṭṭhāpeti 1 | (pr) sets (before); offers (to); gives (to); [pati + ṭhāpe + ti] pr, caus of patiṭṭhāti |
Kāle dadanti sappaññā, / vadaññū vītamaccharā;
Kālena dinnaṁ ariyesu, / ujubhūtesu tādisu.
| kāle | (ind) at the right time; at the proper time [√kal > kāl + *a + e], [kāla + e] |
| dadāti | (pr) gives; offers; donates; grants (something to) [dadā + ti] pr |
| sappañña | (adj) wise; intelligent [sa + pa + √ñā + a] adj, from pañña |
| vadaññū | (adj) generous; giving; liberal adj, comp |
| vītamacchara | (adj) selfless; not selfish [vīta + macchara] adj, comp |
| dinna 1 | (pp) given (to); offered (to) [√dā > dī + na] pp of dadāti |
| ujubhūta | (adj) straight; upright; erect [uju + bhūta] adj, comp |
| tādi | (adj) such; of such character; of such quality; like; kind of [taṁ > tā + disa + i] adj, comp |
Vippasannamanā tassa, / vipulā hoti dakkhiṇā;
Ye tattha anumodanti, / veyyāvaccaṁ karonti vā;
Na tena dakkhiṇā ūnā, / tepi puññassa bhāgino.
| vippasannamana | (adj) with clear mind; with calm mind [vippasanna + mana] adj, comp |
| tassa 1 | (pron) to him; for him; to that; for that [ta + ssa] pron, masc & nt dat sg of ta |
| vipula 1 | (adj) vast; extensive; expansive; massive [vi + √pul + a] adj |
| dakkhiṇā 1 | (fem) gift; donation [√dakkh + iṇā] fem |
| ye 1 | (pron) whoever; whatever; whichever; those who [ya + e] pron, masc & nt nom pl of ya |
| tattha 1 | (ind) there; in that place [ta + ttha] ind, adv, from ta |
| anumodati 1 | (pr) approves (of); appreciates; applauds; is pleased (by) [anu + moda + ti] pr |
| veyyāvacca 1 | (nt) service; assistance [vyāvaṭa + *ya] nt, abstr, from vyāvaṭa |
| karonta 1 | (prp) doing; performing [karo + nta] prp of karoti |
| ūna 1 | (adj) deficient (in); lacking; wanting; short (by); less than (by) adj |
| bhāgī 1 | (masc) who shares (in); who partakes (in) masc, agent, from bhajati |
Tasmā dade appaṭivānacitto, / Yattha dinnaṁ mahapphalaṁ;
Puññāni paralokasmiṁ, / Patiṭṭhā honti pāṇinan"ti.
| tasmā 1 | (pron) from that [ta + smā] pron, masc & nt abl sg of ta |
| dada | (adj) giving; offering; bestowing [dadā + a] adj, from dadāti |
| appaṭivānacitta | (adj) not holding back; unhesitating; confident [appaṭivāna + citta] adj, comp |
| yattha | (ind) wherever; where; when; in which [ya + ttha] ind, adv, from ya |
| dinna 1 | (pp) given (to); offered (to) [√dā > dī + na] pp of dadāti |
| puñña 1 | (nt) merit; good deed; spiritual wealth [√puṇ + ya] nt |
| paraloka | (masc) other world; next world; afterlife [para + loka] masc, comp |
| patiṭṭhā | (fem) support (for); foundation (for) [pati + √ṭhā + ā] fem, abstr, from patiṭṭhahati |
| pāṇī 1.1 | (masc) living being [pāṇa + ī] masc, agent, from pāṇa |
Kathinānujānana
(SC: Mahāvagga, Kathinakkhandhaka, Kathinānujānana)
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṁ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena tiṁsamattā pāveyyakā bhikkhū, sabbe āraññikā sabbe piṇḍapātikā sabbe paṁsukūlikā sabbe tecīvarikā sāvatthiṁ āgacchantā bhagavantaṁ dassanāya upakaṭṭhāya vassūpanāyikāya nāsakkhiṁsu sāvatthiyaṁ vassūpanāyikaṁ sambhāvetuṁ; antarāmagge sākete vassaṁ upagacchiṁsu. Te ukkaṇṭhitarūpā vassaṁ vasiṁsu --- āsanneva no bhagavā viharati ito chasu yojanesu, na ca mayaṁ labhāma bhagavantaṁ dassanāyāti.
| tiṁsamatta | (adj) thirty in number [tiṁsā + matta] adj, comp |
| pāveyyaka | (adj) from Pāvā; living in Pāvā [pāvā + eyya + ka], [pāveyya + ka] adj, from pāvā |
| āraññika 1 | (masc) forest monk; forest dwelling ascetic [arañña + *ika] masc, agent, from arañña |
| piṇḍapātika 1 | (adj) who collects alms-food [piṇḍapāta + ika] |
| paṁsukūlika 1 | (masc) ascetic who wears rag robes; rag robe wearer [paṁsukūla + ika] |
| tecīvarika 1 | (masc) monk who only possess or wears three robes [ticīvara + *ika] masc, comp |
| dassanāya 1 | (nt) to see; to look at [dassana + āya] nt, dat sg of dassana |
| upakaṭṭha | (pp) approaching; near [upa + √kas + ta] pp of upa √kas |
| vassūpanāyika | (adj) entering the rains retreat [vassa + upanāyika] adj, comp |
| nāsakkhi | (aor) was unable (to); was not possible (to) [na + asakkhi] aor of na sakkoti |
| sambhāvetuṁ | (inf) to reach; to arrive at [saṁ + bhāve + tuṁ] inf of sambhāveti |
| antarāmagge | (ind) along the road; on the way [antarā + magga + e] ind, adv, comp, loc sg of antarāmagga |
| sāketa | (masc) name of a town in Kosala; old capital of Kosala masc |
| vassa 1.1 | (masc) rain; downpour [√vass + a] masc, from vassati |
| upagacchi 2 | (aor) entered; went into [upa + gaccha + i] aor of upagacchati |
| ukkaṇṭhitarūpa | (adj) discontented; fed-up; annoyed [ukkaṇṭhita + rūpa] adj, comp |
| vasi | (aor) lived; stayed (in) [√vas + i] aor of vasati |
| āsanna 1 | (pp) near; close by; proximate; in the neighbourhood (of) [ā + √sad + na] pp of āsīdati |
| no 2.3 | (pron) for us; to us pron, 1st dat pl of ahaṁ |
| ito 2 | (ind) (of place) from here; away from [ima + to] ind, adv, abl sg of ima |
| chasu | (card) in six [cha + su] card, loc pl of cha |
| yojana 1 | (nt) approximately twenty kilometres [yoje + ana] nt, from yojeti |
Atha kho te bhikkhū vassaṁvuṭṭhā, temāsaccayena katāya pavāraṇāya, deve vassante,
udakasaṅgahe udakacikkhalle okapuṇṇehi cīvarehi kilantarūpā.Yena sāvatthi jetavanaṁ anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāmo, yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṁsu;
upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṁ abhivādetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdiṁsu.
| temāsaccayena | (ind) after three months [temāsa + accaya + ena] ind, adv, comp |
| udakasaṅgaha | (masc) accumulation of water; flooding [udaka + saṅgaha] masc, comp |
| udakacikkhalla | (nt) water and mud [udaka + cikkhalla] nt, comp |
| okapuṇṇa | (adj) soaked with water adj |
Āciṇṇaṁ kho panetaṁ buddhānaṁ bhagavantānaṁ āgantukehi bhikkhūhi saddhiṁ paṭisammodituṁ.
Atha kho bhagavā te bhikkhū etadavoca --- "kacci, bhikkhave, khamanīyaṁ, kacci yāpanīyaṁ,
kacci samaggā sammodamānā avivadamānā phāsukaṁ vassaṁ vasittha, na ca piṇḍakena kilamitthā"ti?"Khamanīyaṁ, bhagavā, yāpanīyaṁ, bhagavā; samaggā ca mayaṁ, bhante, sammodamānā avivadamānā
vassaṁ vasimhā, na ca piṇḍakena kilamimhā.Idha mayaṁ, bhante, tiṁsamattā pāveyyakā bhikkhū ... okapuṇṇehi cīvarehi kilantarūpā addhānaṁ āgatā"ti.
| kilantarūpa | (adj) really tired; absolutely exhausted; worn out [kilanta + rūpa] adj, comp |
| āciṇṇa 1 | (nt) custom (of); practice (of); habit (of) [ā + √car > cir + na] nt, pp of ācarati |
| paṭisammodituṁ | (inf) to exchange greetings (with) [pati + saṁ + moda +] inf of paṭisammodati |
| kacci 1 | (ind) I hope; I trust; I wonder [ka + ci] ind, interr, from ka |
| khamanīya | (ptp) bearable (by); tolerable (by) [√kham + anīya] ptp of khamati |
| yāpanīya | (ptp) able to keep going; able to support oneself; sustainable [yāpe + anīya] ptp of yāpeti |
| samagga 1 | (adj) unified; united; in concord; harmonious; in agreement [saṁ + agga] adj, from agga |
| sammodamāna | (prp) being friendly; being on good terms [saṁ + moda + māna] prp of sammodati |
| avivadamāna | (prp) not disputing; not quarrelling [na > a + vi + vada + māna] prp of na vivadati |
| phāsukaṁ | (ind) easily; comfortably; happily [phāsuka + aṁ] ind, adv, acc sg of phāsuka |
| vasi | (aor) lived; stayed (in) [√vas + i] aor of vasati |
| piṇḍaka | (masc) alms food [√piṇḍ + a + ka], [piṇḍa + ka] masc, from piṇḍa |
| kilamesi | (aor) made weary; tired out; exhausted [kilame + si] aor of kilameti |
| addhāna 1 | (nt) long road; highroad; journey [addha + āna] nt, from addha |
| āgata 3 | (pp) come (from); arrived (from); returned (from) [ā + √gam + ta] pp of āgacchati |
Atha kho bhagavā etasmiṁ nidāne etasmiṁ pakaraṇe dhammiṁ kathaṁ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi ---
"Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, vassaṁvuṭṭhānaṁ bhikkhūnaṁ kathinaṁ attharituṁ. Atthatakathinānaṁ vo, bhikkhave,
pañca kappissanti --- anāmantacāro, asamādānacāro, gaṇabhojanaṁ, yāvadatthacīvaraṁ, yo ca tattha cīvaruppādo
so nesaṁ bhavissatīti. Atthatakathinānaṁ vo, bhikkhave, imāni pañca kappissanti.Evañca pana, bhikkhave, kathinaṁ attharitabbaṁ. Byattena bhikkhunā paṭibalena saṅgho ñāpetabbo ---
| nidāna 1 | (nt) source; origin; foundation; cause; reason [ni + √dā + ana] nt |
| pakaraṇa 1 | (nt) affair; occasion; event [pa + √kar + aṇa] nt, from pakubbati |
| dhammī 1 | (adj) righteous; related to the Dhamma [dhamma + ī] adj, from dhamma |
| anujānāti 1 | (pr) allows (to); permits (to); grants permission (to) [anu + jānā + ti] pr |
| kathina 1 | (nt) wooden frame for making robes nt |
| attharituṁ | (inf) to spread; to lay out [ā + √thar + ituṁ] inf of attharati |
| atthatakathina | (adj) having performed the kathina ceremony [atthata + kathina] adj, comp |
| vo 1.1 | (pron) you all (subject) pron, 2nd nom pl of tvaṁ |
| kappati | (pr) it is suitable (for); it is proper (for); it is fitting (for); it is allowable [kappa + ti] pr |
| anāmantacāra | (masc) going (into the village) without permission [anāmanta + cāra] masc, comp |
| asamādānacāra | (masc) going without taking (all three robes) [asamādāna + cāra] masc, comp |
| gaṇabhojana | (nt) group meal; eating in a group [gaṇa + bhojana] nt, comp |
| yāvadatthacīvara | (nt) as much robe-cloth as one needs; [yāvadattha + cīvara] nt, comp |
| tattha 1 | (ind) there; in that place [ta + ttha] ind, adv, from ta |
| cīvaruppāda | (masc) robe which comes up [cīvara + uppāda] masc, comp |
| nesaṁ 1 | (pron) for them; to them [[n] + esa + ānaṁ > aṁ] pron, masc & nt dat pl of ta |
| bhavissati 2 | (fut) it belongs (to) [bhavissa + ti] fut of bhavati |
| attharitabba | (ptp) (of the kathina) should be spread; should be laid out ptp of attharati |
| byatta | (pp) experienced; learned; competent; trained; (comm) with clear understanding |
| paṭibala | (adj) competent (to); qualified (to); able (to) [pati + √bal + a] adj, from bala |
| ñāpetabba | (ptp) should be informed (by) [ñāpe + tabba] ptp of ñāpeti |
'Suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho. [...] evametaṁ dhārayāmī'ti.
Evaṁ kho, bhikkhave, atthataṁ hoti kathinaṁ, evaṁ anatthataṁ.
Kathañca pana, bhikkhave, anatthataṁ hoti kathinaṁ? [...] Kathañca, bhikkhave, atthataṁ hoti kathinaṁ? [...]
Kathañca, bhikkhave, ubbhataṁ hoti kathinaṁ? [...]
(See the earlier notes on Sanghakamma)
| kathinadussa | (nt) cloth for kathina [kathina + dussa] nt, comp |
| uppanna 1 | (pp) arisen; appeared; come into being (in) [ud + √pad + na] pp of uppajjati |
| itthannāma | (adj) called so-and-so; with such-and-such a name [itthaṁ + nāma] adj, comp |
| dadeyya | (opt) would give (something to) [dadā + eyya] opt of dadāti |
| kathina 1 | (nt) wooden frame for making robes nt |
| attharituṁ | (inf) to spread; to lay out [ā + √thar + ituṁ] inf of attharati |
| deti 1 | (pr) gives (to); donates (to); offers (to); hands (to) [de + ti] pr |
| dāna 1.1 | (nt) giving; offering; charity; generosity [√dā + ana] nt, act, from dadāti |
| dinna 1 | (pp) given (to); offered (to) [√dā > dī + na] pp of dadāti |
| kathañca | (sandhi) and how? [kathaṁ + ca] sandhi, adv + ind, interr |
| ubbhata 2 | (pp) withdrawn; disallowed; suspended [ud + √dhar > bhar + ta] pp of uddharati |
Byattena bhikkhunā paṭibalena
(DPR) Translation by Gemini:
Herein, [in the phrase] "by a competent, capable monk":
"Competent" means one who has learned the Vinaya Piṭaka with its commentary by heart. In the absence of such a one, even one who has at least well-grasped just this formal act ending in the fourth proclamation, who has learned it by heart, is also "competent" in this sense.
But one who---because of an illness such as a cough, consumption, or phlegm, or because of a defect of the lips, teeth, tongue, etc., or because of a lack of practice in the scriptures---is not able to recite the formal act with well-rounded words and syllables, who omits a syllable or a word, or says what should be said one way in another way, this one is "incapable" (appaṭibalo).
The opposite of that should be understood as "capable" (paṭibalo) in this sense.