2025-10-15
DN 32 Āṭānāṭiyasutta (Vipassissa...)
(SC, Bhikkhu Manual)
Evaṁ me sutaṁ --- ekaṁ samayaṁ bhagavā rājagahe viharati gijjhakūṭe pabbate.
Atha kho cattāro mahārājā mahatiyā ca yakkhasenāya ... yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṁsu;
upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṁ abhivādetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdiṁsu.Ekamantaṁ nisinno kho vessavaṇo mahārājā bhagavantaṁ etadavoca: "Santi hi, bhante,
uḷārā yakkhā bhagavato appasannā.
| gijjha | (masc) vulture [√gidh + ya] masc, from gijjhati |
| kūṭa 1.2 | (masc) peak; ridge; summit [√kuṭ > kūṭ + *a] masc |
| pabbata 1 | (masc) rock masc |
| mahatiyā | (adj) with a great; with a large [maha + nta + iyā] adj, fem instr sg of mahanta |
| yakkhasenā | (fem) army of daemons [yakkha + senā] fem, comp |
| senā | (fem) army; military fem |
| vessavaṇa | (masc) name of one of the Four Great Kings [visavaṇa + *a] masc, from vissavaṇa |
| vissavaṇa | (nt) hearing widely; being famous [vi + √su > sav + *aṇa] nt, act |
| santi 2.1 | (pr) they are; there are; they exist [sa + nti] pr 3rd pl of atthi |
| uḷāra 1 | (adj) excellent; lofty; high; noble [ud > uḷ + √ar > ār + *a] adj |
| bhagavato 1 | (masc) to the Buddha; for the Buddha [bhagavant + to] masc, dat sg of bhagavant |
| appasanna 1 | (masc) non-believer; who has no faith (in); [na > a + pa + √sad + na] masc, pp of na pasīdati |
... Taṁ kissa hetu? Bhagavā hi, bhante, pāṇātipātā veramaṇiyā dhammaṁ deseti,
adinnādānā veramaṇiyā dhammaṁ deseti, kāmesumicchācārā veramaṇiyā dhammaṁ deseti,
musāvādā veramaṇiyā dhammaṁ deseti, surāmerayamajjappamādaṭṭhānā veramaṇiyā dhammaṁ deseti.Yebhuyyena kho pana, bhante, yakkhā appaṭiviratāyeva pāṇātipātā, appaṭiviratā adinnādānā,
appaṭiviratā kāmesumicchācārā, appaṭiviratā musāvādā, appaṭiviratā surāmerayamajjappamādaṭṭhānā.
Tesaṁ taṁ hoti appiyaṁ amanāpaṁ.
| kissa 1 | (pron) for who?; for what reason?; why? [ka > ki + issa] pron, interr, masc & nt dat sg of ka |
| hetu 2 | (masc) reason (for); cause (for); [√hi > he + *tu] masc |
| veramaṇī | (fem) abstinence (from); abstention (from) [vi > ve + √ram + aṇa + *ī] fem, from viramaṇa |
| deseti 1 | (pr) preach (to); teaches (to); explains (to) [dese + ti] pr, caus of disati |
| yebhuyyena | (ind) mostly; generally; for the most part [yebhuyya + ena] ind, adv |
| appaṭivirata | (pp) not abstained (from); not given up [na > a + pati + vi + √ram + ta] |
| tesaṁ 1 | (pron) for them; to them; to those [ta + esānaṁ > esaṁ] pron, masc & nt dat pl of ta |
| appiya 1 | (adj) not dear (to); unloved (by); disliked (by) [na > a + √pī > piy + a] adj, from na piya |
| amanāpa 1 | (adj) unpleasant; dislikeable; disagreeable; detestable [na > a + manāpa] adj, from na manāpa |
Santi hi, bhante, bhagavato sāvakā araññavanapatthāni pantāni senāsanāni paṭisevanti
appasaddāni appanigghosāni vijanavātāni manussarāhasseyyakāni paṭisallānasāruppāni.
Tattha santi uḷārā yakkhā nivāsino, ye imasmiṁ bhagavato pāvacane appasannā.Tesaṁ pasādāya uggaṇhātu, bhante, bhagavā āṭānāṭiyaṁ rakkhaṁ bhikkhūnaṁ bhikkhunīnaṁ
upāsakānaṁ upāsikānaṁ guttiyā rakkhāya avihiṁsāya phāsuvihārāyā"ti.
Adhivāsesi bhagavā tuṇhībhāvena.Atha kho vessavaṇo mahārājā bhagavato adhivāsanaṁ viditvā tāyaṁ velāyaṁ
imaṁ āṭānāṭiyaṁ rakkhaṁ abhāsi:
| panta 1 | (adj) distant; remote; very far away [pa + anta] adj, from anta |
| paṭisevati 4 | (pr) resorts (to); frequents; lives (in) [pati + seva + ti] pr |
| appasadda 1 | (adj) quiet; silent; free from noise [appa + sadda] adj, comp |
| paṭisallāna-sāruppa | (adj) suitable for seclusion; ideal for isolation adj, comp |
| nivāsī | (adj) living (in); staying (in); dwelling (in) [ni + √vas + ī] from nivasati |
| ye 1 | (pron) whoever; those who [ya + e] pron, masc & nt nom pl of ya |
| imasmiṁ 1 | (pron) in this [ima + smiṁ] pron, masc & nt loc sg of ima |
| pāvacana 3 | (nt) doctrine; religious; religious order [pa > pā + √vac + ana] nt, from pavacati |
| pasāda 1 | (masc) inspiration; faith; trust; confidence masc, from pasīdati |
| uggaṇhāti 3 | (pr) grasps; learns; understands; comprehends [ud + gaṇhā + ti] pr |
| āṭānāṭiya | (adj) from Āṭānāṭā (name of a heavenly city) [āṭānāṭā + iya] adj, from āṭānāṭā |
| rakkha | (adj) protecting; guarding [√rakkh + a] adj, in comps, from rakkhati |
| gutti | (fem) guarding (of); protecting (of); [√gup + ti] fem, abstr, from gopeti |
| avihiṁsā | (fem) non-violence; non-cruelty; non-harm [na > a + vi + hiṁsa + ā] fem, abstr |
| phāsuvihāra | (masc) easy living; living in comfort [phāsu + vihāra] masc, comp |
| adhivāsesi 1 | (aor) agreed (to); consented (to); accepted [adhi + vāse + si] aor of adhivāseti |
| tuṇhībhāva | (masc) silence; being silent; [tuṇhī + bhāva] masc, abstr, comp, from tuṇhībhavati |
| viditvā 2.1 | (abs) having known; having perceived; having understood [√vid + itvā] abs of vidati |
| tāyaṁ | (pron) in that; on that; at that [ta + āyaṁ] pron, fem loc sg of ta |
| velā 1 | (fem) time; point in time fem |
"Vipassissa ca namatthu, / cakkhumantassa sirīmato;
Sikhissapi ca namatthu, sabbabhūtānukampino.Vessabhussa ca namatthu, / nhātakassa tapassino;
Namatthu kakusandhassa, / mārasenāpamaddino.
| vipassī 1 | (masc) name of the 6th previous Buddha [vi + passa + ī] from vipassati |
| namatthu | (sandhi) homage (to); salutation (to) [namo + atthu] sandhi, masc + imp |
| cakkhumant 1 | (adj) with eyes; who can see; who has vision; gifted with sight [cakkhu + mant] |
| sirīmant 2 | (adj) glorious; illustrious; eminent; (comm) possessing merit [sirī + mant] |
| sikhī 3 | (masc) name of the 5th previous Buddha [sikhā + ī] masc, from sikhā |
| sikhā 5 | (fem) flame fem |
| sabbabhūtānukampī | (adj) compassionate for all beings [sabbabhūta + anukampī] adj, comp |
| vessabhū 1 | (masc) name of the 4th previous Buddha [vessa + bhū] masc, comp |
| vessa 1.1 | (masc) man of the merchant and agricultural caste masc |
| nhātaka 1 | (masc) who is perfected; who is purified [nhāta + ka] masc, from nhāta |
| tapassī 1 | (masc) ascetic [√tap + as + sī], [tapas + sī] masc, agent, from tapas |
| kakusandha | (masc) name of the 3rd previous Buddha masc |
| mārasenāpamaddī | (adj) crushing Māra's army [mārasenā + pamaddī] adj, comp |
Koṇāgamanassa namatthu, / brāhmaṇassa vusīmato;
Kassapassa ca namatthu, / vippamuttassa sabbadhi.
Aṅgīrasassa namatthu, / sakyaputtassa sirīmato;
Yo imaṁ dhammaṁ desesi, / sabbadukkhāpanūdanaṁ.
| koṇāgamana | (masc) name of the 2nd previous Buddha masc |
| brāhmaṇa 2 | (masc) arahant; awakened being; saint; paragon masc, from brahma |
| vusīmant | (adj) who is completed; who is finished; who is perfected; epithet of an arahant |
| kassapa 1 | (masc) name of the 1st previous Buddha masc, patr |
| vippamutta | (pp) freed (from); released (from); saved (from) [vi + pa + √muc + ta] |
| sabbadhi | (ind) everywhere; in every way; in all respects [sabba + dhi] ind, adv, from sabba |
| aṅgīrasa 1 | (masc) epithet of the Buddha; (comm) emitting rays from the limbs |
| sakyaputta 1 | (masc) young Sakyan [sakya + putta] masc, comp |
| imaṁ | (pron) this; this person; this thing [ima + aṁ] pron, masc fem & nt acc sg of ima |
| desesi | (aor) taught (to); explained (to) [dese + si] aor of deseti |
| sabbadukkhāpanūdana | (adj) which dispels all suffering [sabbadukkha + apanūdana] adj, comp |
Ye cāpi nibbutā loke, / yathābhūtaṁ vipassisuṁ;
Te janā apisuṇātha, / mahantā vītasāradā.
Hitaṁ devamanussānaṁ, / yaṁ namassanti gotamaṁ;
Vijjācaraṇasampannaṁ, / mahantaṁ vītasāradaṁ.
... Vijjācaraṇasampannaṁ, / buddhaṁ vandāma gotaman'ti.
| cāpi | (sandhi) or even; and even; as well as [ca + api] sandhi, ind + ind |
| nibbuta 1 | (pp) (of mental defilement) quenched; emancipated; cooled pp of nibbāti |
| loka 1 | (masc) world; universe; cosmos [√lok + a] masc |
| yathābhūtaṁ | (ind) as it truly is; in reality [yathā + bhūta + aṁ], [yathābhūta + aṁ] |
| vipassi | (aor) saw clearly, had intuition [vi + passa +] aor of vipassati |
| janā | (masc) men; people; population [√jan + a + ā], [jana + ā] masc pl of jana |
| apisuṇa | (adj) (of speech) not divisive; not malicious [na > a + √pis + uṇa] adj |
| mahanta 1 | (adj) big; great; large; grand; vast; extensive [maha + nta] adj |
| vītasārada | (adj) confident; self-assured [vīta + sārada] adj, comp |
| hita 1 | (pp) beneficial; good; advantageous [√dhā > (da)h + ita] pp of dahati |
| namassati | (pr) worships; venerates; reveres; honours [namassa + ti] pr |
| vijjā 1 | (fem) knowledge; wisdom; understanding [√vid + yā] fem, abstr |
| caraṇa 1.1 | (nt) behaviour; conduct; (theory and) practice [√car + aṇa] nt, in comps, from carati |
| sampanna 6 | (pp) perfect; excellent; exquisite (in) [saṁ + √pad + na] pp of sampajjati |
| vandati | (pr) honours; pays respect (to); bows down (to) [vanda + ti] pr |
Ayaṁ kho sā, mārisa, āṭānāṭiyā rakkhā bhikkhūnaṁ bhikkhunīnaṁ
upāsakānaṁ upāsikānaṁ guttiyā rakkhāya avihiṁsāya phāsuvihārāya.... Santi hi, mārisa, amanussā caṇḍā ruddhā rabhasā, te neva mahārājānaṁ ādiyanti,
na mahārājānaṁ purisakānaṁ ādiyanti, na mahārājānaṁ purisakānaṁ purisakānaṁ ādiyanti.
Te kho te, mārisa, amanussā mahārājānaṁ avaruddhā nāma vuccanti.
| ayaṁ | (pron) this; this person; this thing pron, masc & fem nom sg of ima |
| sā | (pron) she; that; it pron, fem nom sg of ta |
| mārisa | (masc) venerable; sir masc |
| caṇḍa 1 | (adj) fierce; violent; savage; hostile [√caṇḍ + a] adj |
| ruddha 1.1 | (adj) fierce; wild; savage; violent adj |
| rabhasa | (adj) violent; aggressive [√rabh + as + a], [rabhas + a] adj, from rabhas |
| neva 1 | (sandhi) neither; not [na + eva] sandhi, ind + ind |
| ādiyati 3 | (pr) obeys; follows; accepts [ādiya + ti] pr |
| purisaka 1 | (masc) man; employee; somebody's man [purisa + ka] masc, dimin of purisa |
| avaruddha | (pp) put under restraint, besieged, imprisoned [ava + √rudh + ta] pp of avarundhati |
| nāma 2 | (ind) called; means; by the name of; namely ind, adv |
| vuccati | (pr) is said to be; is called [vucca + ti] pr, pass of vacati |
Seyyathāpi, mārisa, rañño māgadhassa vijite mahācorā.
Te neva rañño māgadhassa ādiyanti, na rañño māgadhassa purisakānaṁ ādiyanti,
na rañño māgadhassa purisakānaṁ purisakānaṁ ādiyanti.
Te kho te, mārisa, mahācorā rañño māgadhassa avaruddhā nāma vuccanti.
| rañño 1 | (masc) to a king; for the king [√rāj + a + ino] masc, dat sg of rāja, irreg |
| māgadha | (adj) of Magadha [magadha > māgadha + *a] adj, from magadha |
| vijita 1 | (nt) kingdom; realm [vi + √ji + ta] nt, pp of vijināti |
| mahācora | (masc) master thief; criminal mastermind [mahā + cora] masc, comp |
... Atha kho bhagavā tassā rattiyā accayena bhikkhū āmantesi:
"Imaṁ, bhikkhave, rattiṁ cattāro mahārājā ...Uggaṇhātha, bhikkhave, āṭānāṭiyaṁ rakkhaṁ. Pariyāpuṇātha, bhikkhave, āṭānāṭiyaṁ rakkhaṁ.
Dhāretha, bhikkhave, āṭānāṭiyaṁ rakkhaṁ. Atthasaṁhitā, bhikkhave, āṭānāṭiyā rakkhā
bhikkhūnaṁ bhikkhunīnaṁ upāsakānaṁ upāsikānaṁ guttiyā rakkhāya avihiṁsāya phāsuvihārāyā"ti.Idamavoca bhagavā. Attamanā te bhikkhū bhagavato bhāsitaṁ abhinandunti.
| tassā 2 | (pron) of her; hers; of that [ta + ssā] pron, fem gen sg of ta |
| ratti | (fem) night fem, irreg |
| accayena 1 | (ind) after the passing (of); [accaya + ena] ind, adv, instr sg of accaya |
| uggaṇhāti 1 | (pr) picks up [ud + gaṇhā + ti] pr |
| pariyāpuṇāti | (pr) studies well; learns thoroughly; masters [pari + [y] + ā + apuṇā + ti] pr |
| dhāreti 3 | (pr) bears in mind; keeps in mind; remembers (something about) [dhāre + ti] pr |
| atthasaṁhita | (adj) profitable; meaningful; beneficial [attha + saṁhita] adj, comp |
| idamavoca | (sandhi) one said this (to) [idaṁ + avoca] sandhi, pron + aor |
| attamana | (adj) pleased; happy; delighted; elated [atta + mana] adj, comp |
| bhagavato 1 | (masc) to the Buddha; for the Buddha [bhagavant + to] masc, dat sg of bhagavant |
| bhāsita 1 | (nt) saying; speech; statement; utterance; talk; words [√bhās + ita] nt, pp of bhāsati |
| abhinandi 1 | (aor) delighted (in); was pleased (with); [abhi + √nand + i] aor of abhinandati |
Notes
Mārasenā - the Ten Armies of Māra
Snp 3.2 Padhāna Sutta (SC, Aj Thanissaro)
- Sensual pleasures (kāmā)
- Discontent (arati)
- Hunger and thirst (khuppipāsā)
- Craving (taṇhā)
- Sloth and torpor (thinamiddha)
- Fear (bhīru)
- Doubt (vicikicchā)
- Contempt and obstinacy / stubbornness (makkha, thambha)
- Gain, praise, and honor, misbegotten fame
- Self-exaltation and disparaging others
Nāmuci (Māra) approaches the Bodhisatta while he is meditating at the bank of the Nerañja river and tries to distract him.
Sensual passions are your first army.
Your second is called Discontent.
Your third is Hunger & Thirst.
Your fourth is called Craving.
Fifth is Sloth & Torpor.
Sixth is called Cowardice.
Your seventh is Uncertainty.
Hypocrisy & Stubbornness, your eighth.
Gains, Offerings, Fame, & Status
wrongly gained,
and whoever would praise self
& disparage others:
That, Nāmuci, is your army,
the Dark One's commando force.
A coward can't defeat it,
but one having defeated it
gains bliss.(Aj Thanissaro's translation)