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2026-07-22

Dhp 367 Pañcaggadāyakabrāhmaṇavatthu

(367.) "Sabbaso nāmarūpasmiṁ, yassa natthi mamāyitaṁ; Asatā ca na socati, sa ve bhikkhū'ti vuccatī"ti.

Dhammapada-aṭṭhakathā:

Sabbaso'ti imaṁ dhammadesanaṁ satthā jetavane viharanto pañcaggadāyakaṁ nāma brāhmaṇaṁ ārabbha kathesi.

So kira sasse khette ṭhitakāleyeva khettaggaṁ nāma deti, khalakāle khalaggaṁ nāma deti,
khalabhaṇḍakāle khalabhaṇḍaggaṁ nāma deti, ukkhalikakāle kumbhaggaṁ nāma deti,
pātiyaṁ vaḍḍhitakāle pātaggaṁ nāma detī'ti

imāni pañca aggadānāni deti, sampattassa adatvā nāma na bhuñjati. Tenassa pañcaggadāyako'tveva nāmaṁ ahosi. Satthā tassa ca brāhmaṇiyā cassa tiṇṇaṁ phalānaṁ upanissayaṁ disvā brāhmaṇassa bhojanavelāyaṁ gantvā dvāre aṭṭhāsi.

sabbaso 1 (ind) in every way; entirely; completely; altogether [sabba + so] ind, adv, abl sg of sabba
ārabbha 2 (ind) concerning; referring (to); regarding; at the expense (of); owing to [ā + √rabh + ya]
kathesi (aor) spoke; told; related [kathe + si] aor of katheti
kira 2 (ind) it is said; allegedly; apparently; one would think; I have heard; people say ind, adv
sassa 1 (nt) corn; grain; crop; harvest nt
ṭhitakāla 1 (masc) time when stood still; when not moving [ṭhita + kāla] masc, comp
khetta 1 (nt) field; plot of land [√khi > khe + *tta] nt
agga 1.4 (nt) chief (among); best (of); highest (of); ultimate nt
deti 1 (pr) gives; donates; offers; hands (to) [de + ti] pr
aggadāna (nt) gift of the best; highest offering nt, comp
sampatta 1 (pp) reached; arrived; is here [saṁ + pa + √ap + ta] pp of sampāpuṇāti
adatvā 1 (abs) having not given; having not offered [na + datvā] abs of na dadāti
bhuñjati 1 (pr) eats; consumes [bhuñja + ti] pr
upanissaya 2 (masc) supporting condition; sufficient condition [upa + ni + √si > say + *a]
disvā (abs) having seen; having understood; having found out [√dis + tvā] abs of √dis
bhojana 1 (nt) food; meal [√bhuj > bhoj + *ana] nt, from bhuñjati
velā 1 (fem) time; point in time fem
gantvā 1 (abs) having gone; having travelled (to) [√gam + tvā] abs of gacchati
dvāra 1 (nt) door; entrance; gate; gateway [√dvar > dvār + *a] nt
aṭṭhāsi 1 (aor) stood; stayed; remained [a + √ṭhā + si] aor of tiṭṭhati

Sopi dvārapamukhe antogehābhimukho nisīditvā bhuñjati, satthāraṁ dvāre ṭhitaṁ na passati.
Brāhmaṇī pana taṁ parivisamānā satthāraṁ disvā cintesi -- "ayaṁ brāhmaṇo pañcasu ṭhānesu aggaṁ datvā bhuñjati, idāni ca samaṇo gotamo āgantvā dvāre ṭhito. Sace brāhmaṇo etaṁ disvā attano bhattaṁ haritvā dassati, punapāhaṁ pacituṁ na sakkhissāmī"ti.

pamukhe (ind) in front (of); before; opposite (to) [pa + mukha + e] ind, adv, loc sg of pamukha
antogeha (nt) inside the house; within the home [anto + geha] nt, comp
abhimukha 1 (adj) facing; directed (towards) [abhi + mukha] adj, in comps, from mukha
parivisanta (prp) (of food) serving (to); offering [pari + visa + nta] prp of parivisati
cintesi (aor) thought (about); reflected (on) [cinte + si] aor of cinteti
ṭhāna 1 (nt) (physical) place [√ṭhā + ana] nt, from tiṭṭhati
attano 2 (masc) of self; of oneself; one's own; my own [atta + no] masc, gen sg of atta, atta group
bhatta 1.1 (nt) food; boiled rice [√bhaj + ta] nt, pp of bhajati
haritvā 2 (abs) having taken away [√har + itvā] abs of harati
dassati 1.1 (fut) will give (something to) [dassa + ti] fut of dadāti
puna (ind) again; once more ind, adv
pacituṁ 1 (inf) to cook; to reheat [√pac + ituṁ] inf of pacati
sakkhissati (fut) will be able (to) [sakkha + ti] fut of sakkoti

Sā "evaṁ ayaṁ samaṇaṁ gotamaṁ na passissatī"ti satthu piṭṭhiṁ datvā;
tassa pacchato taṁ paṭicchādentī onamitvā; puṇṇacandaṁ pāṇinā paṭicchādentī viya aṭṭhāsi.
Tathā ṭhitā eva ca pana "gato nu kho no"ti satthāraṁ aḍḍhakkhikena olokesi. Satthā tattheva aṭṭhāsi.

piṭṭhi 1 (fem) back [pa + √ṭhā + i] fem, from patiṭṭhati
pacchato 2 (ind) behind; backwards [pacchā + to] ind, prep, abl sg of pacchā
paṭicchādenta 1 (prp) covering; concealing; hiding [pati + chāde + nta] prp of paṭicchādeti
onamitvā (abs) having bent down, having stooped abs of onamati
puṇṇacanda (masc) full moon [puṇṇa + canda] masc, comp
pāṇinā (masc) with a hand; by the palm [pāṇi + inā] masc, instr sg of pāṇi
viya (ind) like; as [iva > via > viya] ind
gata 1 (pp) gone (to); went (for) [√gam + ta] pp of gacchati
aḍḍha 1.1 (adj) half adj, in comps
akkhika (adj) related to eyes [√akkh + i + ka] adj, in comps, from akkhi
olokesi (aor) looked (at); observed; checked [ava + loke + si] aor of oloketi

Brāhmaṇassa pana savanabhayena "aticchathā"ti na vadeti, osakkitvā pana saṇikameva "aticchathā"ti āha.
Satthā "na gamissāmī"ti sīsaṁ cālesi. Lokagarunā buddhena "na gamissāmī"ti sīse cālite
sā sandhāretuṁ asakkontī mahāhasitaṁ hasi.

savana 1.2 (nt) hearing (of); listening (to) [√su > sav + *ana] nt, act, from suṇāti
bhaya 2 (nt) fear; terror (of); fright; dismay [√bhī > bhay + *a] nt, from bhāyati
aticchati (pr) moves on; goes on; continues past [ati + iccha + ti] pr
osakkitvā (abs) having retreated or moved aside [ava + √sakk +] abs of osakkati
saṇikaṁ (ind) slowly; gradually [saṇiṁ + ka + aṁ] ind, adv, from saniṁ
sīsa 1 (nt) head nt
cālesi (aor) shook; waved; moved about [cāle + si] aor of cāleti
lokagaru (masc) world renowned teacher; world famous guru [loka + garu] masc, comp
sandhāretuṁ 1 (inf) to hold back; to restrain [saṁ + dhāre + tuṁ] inf of sandhāreti
asakkonta (prp) unable (to) [na > a + sakko + nta] prp of na sakkoti
mahāhasita (nt) laughing out loud; roar of laughter [mahā + hasita] nt, comp
hasi 2 (aor) laughed aor of hasati

Tasmiṁ khaṇe satthā gehābhimukhaṁ obhāsaṁ muñci. Brāhmaṇopi piṭṭhiṁ datvā nisinnoyeva brāhmaṇiyā
hasitasaddaṁ sutvā chabbaṇṇānañca rasmīnaṁ obhāsaṁ oloketvā satthāraṁ addasa.
Buddhā hi nāma gāme vā araññe vā hetusampannānaṁ attānaṁ adassetvā na pakkamanti.

tasmiṁ 1 (pron) in that; in that person [ta + asmiṁ] pron, masc & nt loc sg of ta
khaṇa (masc) moment; instant; point in time; opportunity masc
abhimukhaṁ (ind) towards; facing; in the direction of [abhi + mukha + aṁ]
obhāsa 1.1 (masc) light; radiance; aura; splendour [ava + √bhās + a] masc, from obhāsati
muñci (aor) released; let escape; set free [muñca + i] aor of muñcati
chabbaṇṇa (adj) consisting of six colours adj, comp
rasmi 1 (fem) (of light) ray; beam fem
oloketvā (abs) having looked; having noticed [ava + loke + tvā] abs of oloketi
addasa 1 (aor) saw [a + dasa + a] aor of √dis
hetu 2 (masc) reason (for); cause (for); condition (for); sake (of) [√hi > he + *tu] masc
sampanna 3 (pp) endowed (with); possessing; full (of); [saṁ + √pad + na] pp of sampajjati
attānaṁ (masc) self; himself; herself; oneself (object) [atta + ānaṁ] masc, acc sg of atta
adassetvā (abs) having not shown; having not pointed out [na > a + dasse + tvā] abs of dasseti
pakkamati 1 (pr) goes; goes away; leaves (from) [pa + kama + ti] pr

Brāhmaṇopi satthāraṁ disvā, "bhoti nāsitomhi tayā, rājaputtaṁ āgantvā dvāre ṭhitaṁ mayhaṁ anācikkhantiyā,
bhāriyaṁ te kammaṁ kata"nti vatvā; aḍḍhabhuttaṁ bhojanapātiṁ ādāya satthu santikaṁ gantvā,
"bho gotama, ahaṁ pañcasu ṭhānesu aggaṁ datvāva bhuñjāmi, ito ca me majjhe bhinditvā
ekova bhattakoṭṭhāso bhutto, eko koṭṭhāso avasiṭṭho; paṭiggaṇhissasi me idaṁ bhatta"nti.

bhoti 1 (fem) madam; dear [bho + ti] fem of bhavant
nāsita 3 (pp) killed; destroyed [nāse + ita] pp of nāseti
tayā 1 (pron) by you; with you [tvaṁ + ayā] pron, 2nd instr sg of tvaṁ
ācikkhanta (prp) telling; informing; [ā + cikkha + nta] prp of ācikkhati
bhāriya 1 (adj) heavy; serious; grave [√bhar > bhār + *a + iya], [bhāra + iya] adj, from bhāra
bhutta 1 (pp) eaten; finished eating [√bhuj + ta] pp of bhuñjati
pāti 1.1 (fem) cup; drinking bowl [√pā + ti] fem, from pivati
ādāya 1 (ger) taking [√ādā + ya] ger of ādiyati
santikaṁ (ind) into the presence (of); towards; near (to); [santika + aṁ] ind, prep, acc sg of santika
majjhe 1 (ind) in the middle; in the midst (of) [majjha + e] ind, adv, loc sg of majjha
bhinditvā (abs) having broken; having shattered; having split up [bhinda + itvā] abs of bhindati
ekova (sandhi) alone [eko + eva] sandhi, adj + ind
koṭṭhāsa 2 (masc) part; portion; component (of) [koṭṭha + ??] masc, comp
bhutta 1 (pp) eaten; finished eating [√bhuj + ta] pp of bhuñjati
koṭṭhāsa 2 (masc) part; portion; component (of) [koṭṭha + ??] masc, comp
avasiṭṭha (pp) left over; remaining [ava + √sis + ta] pp of ava √sis
paṭiggaṇhāti 1 (pr) takes; accepts; receives [pati + gaṇhā + ti] pr

Satthā "na me tava ucchiṭṭhabhattena attho"ti avatvā, "brāhmaṇa, aggampi mayhameva anucchavikaṁ,
majjhe bhinditvā aḍḍhabhuttabhattampi, carimakabhattapiṇḍopi mayhameva anucchaviko.
Mayañhi, brāhmaṇa, paradattūpajīvipetasadisā"ti vatvā imaṁ gāthamāha --

ucchiṭṭha 1 (pp) rejected; leftover [ud + √sis + ta] pp of ud √sis
attha 2.1 (masc) need; want (for) [√atth + a] masc
avatvā 1 (abs) having not said; having not spoken (about) [na + vatvā] abs of na vadati
anucchavika (adj) suitable; proper; right; appropriate (to) [anu + chavi + ka]
carimaka (adj) last; final [√car + a + ima + ka] adj, from carima
bhattapiṇḍa (masc) lump of food [bhatta + piṇḍa] masc, comp
paradattūpajīvī 1 (adj) living on what is given by others [paradatta + upajīvī] adj, comp
peta 3 (masc) afflicted spirit, hungry ghost [pa + e + ta] masc
sadisa 1 (adj) similar (to); same (as); resembling; like [sa + √dis + a] adj, from disa

"Yadaggato majjhato sesato vā, / Piṇḍaṁ labhetha paradattūpajīvī;
Nālaṁ thutuṁ nopi nipaccavādī, / Taṁ vāpi dhīrā muni vedayantī"ti.

yadagga (nt) whatever is best; the cream of the crop [yad + agga] nt, comp
majjhato (ind) amidst; in the middle (of) [majjha + to] ind, adv, abl sg of majjha
sesa 2 (masc) leftovers; remains; remainder; remnant [√sis > ses + *a] masc, from sissati
nālaṁ 1 (ind) not suitable (for); not worth [na + alaṁ] ind, comp
thutuṁ (inf) to praise; to commend [√thu + tuṁ] inf of thunāti
nopi (sandhi) nor; nor even [no + api] sandhi, ind + ind
nipacca (ger) falling down; bowing down (at) [ni + √pat + ya] ger of nipatati, in comps
vāpi 1 (sandhi) or even [vā + api] sandhi, ind + ind
dhīra 2.2 (masc) wise man; sage; intelligent person [√dhī + ra] masc
muni 1 (masc) monk; sage; seer; hermit; silent sage [√mun + i] masc, from munāti
vedayati 2 (pr) informs; points out; makes known [vedaya + ti] pr

Brāhmaṇo taṁ sutvāva pasannacitto hutvā "aho acchariyaṁ, dīpasāmiko nāma rājaputto
'na me tava ucchiṭṭhabhattena attho'ti avatvā evaṁ vakkhatī"ti; dvāre ṭhitakova satthāraṁ pañhaṁ pucchi --
"bho gotama, tumhe attano sāvake bhikkhū'ti vadatha, kittāvatā bhikkhu nāma hotī"ti.

pasannacitta (adj) full of devotion; mentally full of confidence (in) [pasanna + citta] adj, comp
hutvā 2 (abs) having become [√hū + tvā] abs of hoti
aho 2.1 (ind) (expressing pleasure, surprise or disbelief) oh!; wow! ind, excl
acchariyaṁ (ind) wonderful!; marvellous!; unbelievable! [accharā + iya + aṁ] ind, excl
dīpa 2.1 (masc) land; island; continent; peninsula [dvi > di + āpa] masc, comp
sāmika 3 (masc) master; lord [sāmī + ka] masc, from sāmī
vakkhati 1 (fut) will say; will tell; will speak [vakkha + ti] fut of vacati
ṭhitaka (adj) standing; upright [√ṭhā + ita + ka], [ṭhita + ka] adj, from ṭhita
pañha 2 (masc) question; enquiry [√pañh + a] masc
pucchi (aor) asked; enquired; questioned (somebody about) [√pucch + i] aor of pucchati
kittāvatā (ind) in what way?; to what extent?; in what respect? [kittāva + tā] ind, adv, interr

Satthā "kathaṁrūpā nu kho imassa dhammadesanā sappāyā"ti upadhārento "ime dvepi janā kassapabuddhakāle
'nāmarūpa'nti vadantānaṁ kathaṁ suṇiṁsu, nāmarūpaṁ avissajjitvāva nesaṁ dhammaṁ desetuṁ vaṭṭatī"ti,
"brāhmaṇa, nāme ca rūpe ca arajjanto asajjanto asocanto bhikkhu nāma hotī"ti vatvā imaṁ gāthamāha --

(367.) "Sabbaso nāmarūpasmiṁ, yassa natthi mamāyitaṁ;
Asatā ca na socati, sa ve bhikkhū'ti vuccatī"ti.

kathaṁrūpa (adj) what kind? [kathaṁ + rūpa] adj, interr, comp
sappāya 1 (adj) beneficial (for); wholesome (for); healthy (for); supportive (of) [saṁ + pa + √i > ay + *a]
upadhārenta (prp) investigating; exploring; considering [upa + dhāre + nta] prp of upadhāreti
jana 1 (masc) man; person; fellow [√jan + a] masc, agent, from jāyati
vadanta (prp) speaking; saying [vada + nta] prp of vadati
kathā 1 (fem) talk; speech; conversation; discussion [√kath + ā] fem, from katheti
suṇi (aor) heard [suṇā + i] aor of suṇāti
vissajjitvā (abs) having relinquished; having given up [vi + √sajj + itvā] abs of vissajjati
nesaṁ 1 (pron) for them; to them [[n] + esa + ānaṁ > aṁ] pron, masc & nt dat pl of ta
desetuṁ (inf) to preach; to teach; to explain (to) [dese + tuṁ] inf of deseti
vaṭṭati 1 (pr) it is suitable; it is right (to) [vaṭṭa + ti] pr
arajjanta (prp) not finding pleasure (in); not being attracted (to) prp
asajjanta (prp) not being attached; not being enmeshed; not being entangled [na > a + sajja + nta]
asocanta (prp) not sorrowing; not grieving [na > a + soca + nta] prp of na socati
yassa 2 (pron) of whoever; of whichever; whose [ya + ssa] pron, masc & nt gen sg of ya
mamāyita 1 (nt) (something) taken as mine; made mine; possessed; treasured; cherished [mama + āya + ita]
asatā 2 (prp) from nonexistence; because of the absence [asanta + tā] prp, abl sg of na santa
socati (pr) sorrows; suffers (over); grieves (about); mourns (over) [soca + ti] pr
ve (ind) indeed; truly; really ind, emph
vuccati (pr) is said to be; is called [vucca + ti] pr, pass of vacati

Tattha sabbaso'ti sabbasmimpi vedanādīnaṁ catunnaṁ, rūpakkhandhassa cāti pañcannaṁ khandhānaṁ vasena pavatte nāmarūpe.

Mamāyita'nti yassa ahanti vā mamanti vā gāho natthi. Asatā ca na socatī'ti tasmiñca nāmarūpe khayavayaṁ patte "mama rūpaṁ khīṇaṁ ... mama viññāṇaṁ khīṇa"nti na socati na vihaññati, "khayavayadhammaṁ me khīṇa"nti passati.

Sa ve'ti so evarūpo vijjamānepi nāmarūpe mamāyitarahitopi asatāpi tena asocanto bhikkhūti vuccatī'ti attho.

vasena 1 (ind) due to; through; by means (of) [√vas + a + ena], [vasa + ena] ind, adv, in comps, instr sg of vasa
pavatta 2 (pp) occurred; happened; took place; went on [pa + √vatt + ta] pp of pavattati
gāha 1.6 (masc) obsession, assumption [√gah > gāh + *a] masc, from gaṇhāti
socanta (prp) sorrowing; grieving; mourning (over) [soca + nta] prp of socati
khayavaya (masc) destruction and disintegration; exhaustion and dissolution [khaya + vaya] masc, comp
patta 3.1 (pp) reached; attained; gained; accomplished; found [pa + √ap + ta] pp of pāpuṇāti
khīṇa 1 (pp) consumed; spent; finished; exhausted; slowly destroyed [√khī + na] pp of khīyati
vihaññati 2 (pr) is troubled (by); is worried (about); is afflicted (by) [vi + hañña + ti] pr, pass of vihanati
evarūpa (adj) such; similar kind of; of such quality [evaṁ + rūpa] adj, comp
vijjamāna 1 (prp) existing [vijja + māna] prp of vijjati
mamāyita 1 (nt) (something) taken as mine; made mine; possessed; treasured; cherished [mama + āya + ita]
asatā 2 (prp) from nonexistence; because of the absence [asanta + tā] prp, abl sg of na santa
asocanta (prp) not sorrowing; not grieving [na > a + soca + nta] prp of na socati
attha 1.1 (masc) meaning; sense; significance [√ar + tha] masc

Desanāvasāne ubhopi jayampatikā anāgāmiphale patiṭṭhahiṁsu, sampattānampi sātthikā dhammadesanā ahosī'ti.

desanāvasāna (nt) end of the teaching; conclusion of the discourse [desanā + avasāna] nt, comp
ubhopi (sandhi) and both; as well as [ubho + api] sandhi, pron + ind
jayampatikā (masc) wife and husband [jāyaṁ + pati + ikā] masc pl, comp, from jayampati
anāgāmiphala (nt) fruit of non-returning [anāgāmi + phala] nt, comp
patiṭṭhahi (aor) was established; was grounded; was instilled (in) [pati + ṭhaha + i]
sampatta 1 (pp) reached; arrived; is here [saṁ + pa + √ap + ta] pp of sampāpuṇāti
sātthaka 1 (adj) useful; beneficial; advantageous [sa + √ar + tha + ka] adj, from attha
ahosi (aor) was; existed; became [a + ho + si] aor of hoti